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[[underlined]] Oct. 15 [[/underlined]] -

Ate a dry breakfast & started on. In about half a mile came down into San Francisco River Canyon again & had plenty of water to Alma 6 miles beyond. Have crossed the river 52 times since leaving Friday. Roads sand but generally not bad. 

The valley at Alma is open arid plains with a mixture of Upper & Lower Sonoran species. Yucca radiosa is abundant and dwarf mesquite common while blue oak & juniper & nut pines cover the cold slopes of the hills & ridges. Opuntia schottii takes the place of arborescens. The few ranches along the river valley have been badly washed out by the floods. Grass is scarce & short. Alfalfa is the principal crop but corn & potatoes & squashes & melons are raised and we saw peach & apple trees. 

Camped under live oaks in field half a mile above Alma on road to Mogollon & Cooney. Packed up specimens & sent off 16 packages A hot day. Valley dry & baked.