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[[newspaper page, article cut out]] THE NEW YORK TIMES, TUESDAY, JANUARY 29, 1935. [[double-line]] [[ruled newspaper columns]] [[column 1]] children go to the public schools, and he gets the benefit of other services which the State supplies. In support of its recommendation that a filing fee of $2 be imposed on all persons with a gross income of $500 or more, the State commission on which the Governor relies for many of his other suggestions argued that every one not positively destitute should pay at least a nominal sum as a direct contribution toward the costs of the Government under which he lives. [[double-line]] [[bold]] CONGRESS WORKING FASTER. [[/bold]] Senator COUZENS notified the Democratic Senators on Saturday that the Republicans would make the discussion of the President's relief bill "thorough." This implied threat of resort to the Senate's infinite capacity for making the legislative machine run slow will probably result in no great delay. The bill is fated to pass. No changes in it, even in its administrative features, can be forced through, unless they are acceptable to the Democratic majority and the Administration. Already the first Republican proposals have been voted down by the committee. There are, in fact, good reasons why the measure should be expedited. It is a case where "the King's business requireth haste." Plans for public works on so vast a scale cannot be rushed into execution. The earlier the architects and the contractors can get busy, the sooner will work be furnished to unemployed men. Add the fact that the President and the Democratic leaders desire to make this session of Congress as short as possible, and the argument against dilatory methods in opposing the bill gains strength. Besides, there will necessarily be a large number of appointments to be made and offices to be filled under this proposed legislation, and those anxious to get them, or to secure them for political friends, will be impatient to have the distribution begin at the earliest date within reach. It is not a dictator who is ordering Congress to cut the talk and get to business. The members of Congress themselves are anxious to get it over with. When Speaker REED made his famous explanation at the time his new rules for speeding up public business were adopted, "I thank GOD that this "House has ceased to be a deliberative "assembly," his words were misunderstood. The sardonic humor of them [[article cut off on left]] as missed by the general public. For ars the Speaker had been contending n Democrats who wished to pre- e the rule that made it possible to important legislation, on the d that any stiffening of parlia- y control would destroy the s a great deliberative assembly. D's rejoicing was really over f a system that could not be ork. His own plans to en- ss to be done were after- d by the very Democrats st violently against them, making it possible for a aker to push through ly. The Senate has lterations in its own er is now strongly tactics and indefi- It is not likely, nace of Senator e Senate very [[part of double line]] NG. n months [[/cut off left side]] [[/column 1]] very reverse of the theory that the way to revive business is to lower tariffs. Viewed in this light, the record of the last seven months is frankly disappointing, however understandable the causes. Whether more progress could have been made, or might still be made, by some other method of procedure--such as a horizontal reduction of tariffs, which would avoid these endless protests against any change in specific duties--is, of course, another question. Meantime, Mr. PHILLIPS holds out hope that under the existing plan several additional agreements may be reached at an early date. [[double line]] [[bold]] A HERO IN A PULLMAN. [[/bold]] If there were innocent foreigners on the train which left Baton Rouge Sunday "on route to Washington," they must have watched with curious interest the passenger "surrounded by burly guards whose hip pockets bulged." Taught by the films, they must have imagined that at last they had the happiness of looking at a member of that wild tribe which has kept the agents of the Department of Justice so busy. Obviously these stalwart armed watchmen were taking him North for trial and were fully prepared to prevent his escape or to cow him from some act of violence. Such is alien ignorance. This was no Public Enemy. This was a Great Public Character. In short, this was "the Senator." Protected by the Constitution on this journey, brave as a lion or at least as a pelican, why did the Bonaparte of the Bayous need any other force than his own strong heart and language? Right in that Pullman car was a new illustration of ancient myths. The hero, even the god, has his weakness. Somewhere he is vulnerable. Achilles was not well-heeled. Only an arrow of mistletoe could slay Balder the Beautiful. Not in the house of his body but in a far different tenement one danger is always present to "the Senator" and renders impotent the taboo of his augustness. He trembles only at the destiny that may await him in the washroom. These husky attendants were there to shield him from the terror of the fatal room. Even in the soft Campanian splendors of the Senatorial baths, doubtless he cannot feel safe without his warders. This is the simple explanation of an incident not without its value to psychologists. It is to be feared, however, that future McMasters, rummaging in old newspapers and jumping gayly [[sic]] from the particular to the general, will infer that "such was the insecurity of "life in the United States of the twen- "tieth century, that even United States "Senators were forced to provide them- "selves with armed guards on their "travels between home and Washing- "ton." [[double line]] [[bold]] DESCENDANTS OF KINGS. [[/bold]] Chairman FARLEY's observation that no Irishman has yet been found who denies that he is descended from a king is accompanied by no genealogical illustrations such has were furnished by late DAVID STARR JORDAN, the eminent biological scientist, in a book of which he was joint author, published a few years ago, entitled "Your Family Tree." Into it were gathered "scientific examples" of genealogy showing that many Americans prominent in our democratic history have had royal blood in their veins. First in the list is PATRICK HENRY, who was of Scottish descent by double inheritance. Yet, as [[/column 2]] [[column 3]] distinguished ranks (descendants like these who have been mentioned of younger sons of royalty or disinherited brothers or sisters), citizens of a republic whose nobility of birth has not abated their industry, but the rather, as Mr. FARLEY describes them, has made them "born leaders" in a kingless commonalty. [[double line]] In an address delivered in this city recently Mr. DOW, the Official Secretary for Australia in the United States declared that his country, "like all "trading countries, is watching Wash- "ington." He had reference particularly to our Governments foreign trade policy. Thus far Australia has not appeared on the list of nations with which tariff negotiations have been begun. But Australia furnished an expanding market in 1929 for American motor cars, gasoline, electrical equipment and industrial machinery, and the substantial measure of recovery achieved by that country during the past two years suggests that the time is ripe to restore our trade more nearly to its pre-depression proportions. The chief problem is how to enable Australia to build up balances in this country that will allow her to buy our goods. This is essentially a tariff problem. Mr. Dow points out that his country now "buys "annually close on $34,000,000 worth "more of American goods than the "United States purchases from Aus- "tralia." He thinks that his country has much to offer us, and that "it "should not be unreasonable to expect "the United States to buy from us "quantities closer to the totals of what "we buy from her." [[double-line]] [[bold]] Topics of The Times [[/bold]] [[line]] Business Revises December. A notable industrial lift in December and January pleases the experts along with the rest of us, but also surprises them. It is against the recognized seasonal trend. Various explanations are advanced, but perhaps the odd behavior is not to be looked for in business but in the weather. Business may be running true to form, but the seasons these last two years have completely reversed the seasonal trend. We are now plainly in a cycle of very cold Winters and very hot Summers after a decade, approximately, of unseasonably warm Winters and cool Summers. Business, after many bitter disappointments, presumably reconciled itself to the thought that August was the season for heavy clothes and December was about the right time to stage the regular Spring revival. It would be just like the nation's hard luck if a succession of Arctic Winters should now come along to throw business off its new stride. ----- Stamps Without Holes. Strangers to the mysteries of the stamp-collecting art will be puzzled by the charges against Postmaster General FARLEY. He is accused by indignant philatelists of giving away to his friends rare postage stamps worth half a million dollars. But how can stamps be truly "rare" if handled the way Mr. FARLEY is accused of doing; and how they can be worth half a million dollars? It is charged that the Postmaster General would take a full sheet of unperforated stamps in a new issue and distribute them to his collector friends as souvenirs. Stamps without perforations are a great prize for collectors and that is why some people estimate that a set of ten unpierced National Park Stamps presented to Secretary ICKES have a "potential value" of perhaps $100,000. Yet the remedy would seem to be in the hands of the critics. All the stamp- [[rest of column cut off along the left side]] has to do is to stig- gift stamps as not rated; morally they article fetches such mably, because it is ent and therefore ex- en unperforates are perately and whole- character. It is only his fact in the stamp eflated to their face ---- presentatives of the and of the B. M. T. he subway recapture itations are less than 00,000 apart, and it d that the danger of n and Soviet Russia tly confusing transit ome other railroad in the news. stated yesterday that r it was evident that al price for the Chi- ld be not very far 0 yen which SAMUEL rs ago--but there we p things, as though r Baikal-Manchuria- facts would seem to unifiers who recently and then proceeded now seemingly out regardless of how behave on the stock can't be quite right rk City began nego- B. M. T. five years gan negotiating with nent two years later, in Manchuria has long because both als addicted to pro ng methods. [[part of double line]] APPLES. --- the cellar, the bin of frozen their brightness, ill, lucked, rd hill shadow and, rned sound, of memory nd, eet, RANCES FROST. [[/column 2]] [[column 3]] [[bold]] In Washington ------ Delay Narrows Margin in World Court Vote. ----- By ARTHUR KROCK.[[/bold]] WASHINGTON, Jan. 28,--Since March 4, 1933, the state of the Nation and the political power and prestige of the President have reversed Congressional procedure. While the American Executive, in his opening message, is bound by the Constitution to transmit legislative suggestions to Congress, that body has in the past initiated many more. Now legislative initiation is almost entirely concentrated in the President. The result is that, when the President has nothing immediate for Congress to do, or its committees are busy with hearings on legislation transmitted by the White House, the House and Senate mark time. This makes for a slow beginning of the session. When the Seventy-third * Congress met, in March, 1933, the emergency required much done in haste, and therefore the pace was dizzying. Now conditions are different, and after twenty-five calendar days since assembling, Congress has not had very much to do. The affairs which have come before it have been mattes of great consequence--the World Court protocols in the Senate, the 4,800,000,000 dollar work-relief resolution in the House. Also one appropriation bill has been put through. But this has not been enough to keep the Senate particularly busy, and that is one reason why the World Court was brought forward so early. Had the Senate administration leaders so elected, the World Court debate could have been prolonged for weeks, and the protocols have even been temporarily laid aside for consideration of the work-relief bill. This would have filled in some of the time that must be spent before the Senate committee is ready to report the Wagner-Lewis social securities omnibus bill. But the difficulty with a subject like the World Court is that every day of delay produces more opposition. Therefore Senator Robinson had to press it for a vote, which will come some time tomorrow or next day. [[bold]] Foes Gained Over Week-End. [[/bold]] In the week-end that has passed since Mr. Robinson originally hoped to get the protocols out of the way, their enemies have been unusually active. William Randolph Hearst has marshaled his writing battalions here in war strength. Senate opponents have taken to the radio as well as to the floor. The only important counter-blow that has been delivered came over the radio last night from Mrs. Roosevelt, and that has had not wholly favorable effect, to judge from comment in the cloakrooms today. While adversaries of the World Court believe they will lose the contest, what has happened in the extra time has made them much more hopeful. Important reservations except that of Senator Vandenberg (which the administration accepted) have been rejected, it is true. But they have been voted down by a majority only, and, if the same proportion is maintained in the final vote, the protocols themselves would fail of ratification. Close observers of the Senate believe that World Court membership will be accepted by a narrow margin or from 1 to 3 votes over the required two-thirds. But every day the ballot is postponed adds to their uneasiness. Therefore this device to keep the Senate busy while the administration is completing the items in its program has not been adequate. Also an unfavorable outcome would be a damaging blow to the President's control in more important future legislation. [[bold]]Committee Members Busy.[[/bold]] But, though the pace of the Seventy-fourth Congress has thus far been slow, the chairman and members of the important committees have no reason to complain of lack of work. Speaker Byrns, Chairman Buchanan of the Appropriations Committee and Chairman O'Connor of the Rules Committee knew they had been through the mill when they completed action in the House on the 4,800,000,000 dollar work-relief measure last week. Members who have been conducting the hearings on social security, munitions and war profits have been thoroughly occupied. It is only the floor proceedings that have been slack, and when the President's aides begin to pile up required legislation behind that already delivered to the Capitol, these will be crowded also. The delay in starting, however, may prolong this session beyond the early Spring date which is the hope of the President and probably of the country. Today the Senate Appropriations Committee made what haste it could with the work-relief resolution by refusing the demand of the Republicans for open hearings, maintaining an ancient precedent with respect to such legislative matters. But what the Republicans were denied by way of publicity in committee, they will seek to obtain in the open debate on the measure. This may prevent its passage by the Senate by next midweek, which is the goal of the President's leaders, and add to the prospect of a late June or early July rising. Under the dispensation of the New Deal, with Congress strictly at the receiving end of the government, the only legislative matter thus far originated on Capitol Hill is the bonus. But two rival camps of bonus supporters have arisen, and administration steersmen are already armed with a compromise which they hope to insert as a wedge between the competing champions. [[single divider line]] [[bold]] A Question of Values.[[/bold]] [[italic]]To the Editor of The New York Times:[[/italic]] This morning there was delivered on my doorstep a thirty-six page copy of THE NEW YORK TIMES. It contained news from every quarter of the globe– complete, accurate, well-written, well arranged, indexed. It told me all that a well-informed man needed to know of the daily progress of the human race. It cost me 2 cents–one-sixteenth of a cent a page. Till they begin to charge us for the air we breathe, is there any other equal value for that money in the world? [[bold]]EDWIN M. POPE.[[/bold]] [[bold]]New York, Jan. 26, 1935.[[/bold]] [[column 5]] Letters to t [[cut-off]] [[single divider line]] THE HOUSING SITUATION. [[single divider line]] No Improvement Likely Until Old-Law Tenements Are Demolished. [[single divider line]] [[italic]]To the Editor of The New York Times:[[/italic]] Last Winter the attention of the public was called to the serious menace of old-law tenements in New York City by a series of fatal fires. At that time the work of the Tenement House Department received a great deal of notice. Unfortunately, a great many people seem to have obtained the impression that a stricter enforcement of the Multiple Dwelling Law by this department could wipe out this hazard. I think it is proper, therefore, that the public should have a report of the accomplishments of the Tenement House Department during 1934, and also the limitations of the law and facts about present conditions. In the first year of the Fusion administration the department received and investigated 72,280 complaints, as compared with 46,302 in 1933. These complaints were about all types of violations, from lack of heat to the presence of vermin, but despite this greatly increased pressure of work the department in 1934 issued 11,462 orders to fire-retard cellar ceilings, as compared with 576 the previous year. This requirement had been on the statute books since 1929, but very little effort was made to enforce it, although it is obviously of great importance in preventing fatal tenement-house fires. A further provision of the law requiring the substitution of stair fire-escapes for the dangerous old vertical ladder type went into effect on the day this administration took office. In one year the department issued 15,757 orders with respect to this violation and secured compliance in a large number of cases. Continually, however, the department is faced with the fact that a very large proportion of the old-law tenements are owned by persons who honestly do not have enough money to comply with violation [[rest of the column is clipped off]]
