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this week (last) to James Haines & others on this subject & kindred subjects. All insist the name Chup nit & Nez Perce are misnomer. None of them could tell how & when the name Nez Perce was given to them. My own oppinion is, Billys statement was correct. That the name was given to the four sitting in the [[Frn?]] Companies round St. Louis (for the first time) by a man (perhaps a frenchman) who was brought in to decide the matter. I am aware that I have written this before to you.

As to the Calumet or peace pipe. All say it was used (two of them sometimes) as they illustrated it. Joseph would smoke Gen Gen Howards & pass it down [[strikethrough]] his [[/strikethrough]] to his leaders. Gen H. would do the same with Josephs' pipe.

Ducks Head a symbol of Authority or power over ^water all in water.

Eagles feathers symbol of Authority. a power over Air [[strikethrough]] l [[/strikethrough]]
Woodpecker - " " " [[ditto for: symbol of Authority. a power]] over wood or forest.
The little feathers of the eagle symbols also of power.
Red meant blood or war. when peace was concluded the red was taken away &  white substituted -
John Allens statement,. about the pipe.

K. C. McB-

Transcription Notes:
signature of K. C. McBeth