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Shade may be provided initially by banana trees. Older cacao doesn't need as much shade. [[circled]] 2 [[/circled]] [[underlined]] Rubber [[/underlined]] - clearcutting done for rubber. Seems to be increasing in frequency compared to cacao, wh/ has been around for hundreds of years. Land planted in cacao not considered mata by IBDF, thus owners still need to maintain 20% land in mata. Fire no problem except on edges of reserve. Both cacao & rubber plantations use insecticides; especially cacao which altho looking like forest is in poor shape because micro fauna is destroyed. GHT apparently coexists w/ cacao. [[end page]] [[start page]] GHTs - Are seen regularly by guards in groups ^[[sometimes]] larger than 10. Saturnino indicates that group size averages 8 (seen groups of 11, 12, 2). GHTs often seen crossing roads and in scrubby-looking 2nd growth - more than "climax" forest. Saturnino has had several confiscated and released into the Reserve. [We later see a "wild" [[underlined]] chrysomelas [[/underlined]] approach the viveiro w/ the captive : likely to be released animals. Reserve also has 3 other primates: [[underlined]] Cebus apella xanthosternis [[/strikethrough]][seen at CPRJ [[underlined]] Callithrix kuhlii [[/underlined]] : [[underlined]] Callicebus personatus [[/underlined]] : (according to [[strikethrough]] Reserve [[/strikethrough]] Rylands: Reserve Director only mentions 2 species) Also 2 canids, agouti, paca are common. They have deer peccary and more birds than are normally seen at PdA. Also moved sloth & two (2) other sloth species* Saturnino has no idea how many animals in the Reserve. Still *Saturnino not very knowledgeable @ plants & animals in reserve.