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THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF AFRO-AMERICAN LIFE AND HISTORY, INC.

[[image - black & white head shot of Carter G. Woodson]]
[[caption]] Carter G. Woodson founded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History. [[/caption]]

Scholars

Less highly publicized than Negro achievements in the arts, but of no less importance, are the contribution made by colored scientists and scholars. Most of them were educated at leading Northern universities. The historians Carter Woodson and Rayford Logan received their doctorates at Harvard, the economist Abram Harris at Columbia, the biologist Ernest Just and the sociologists Charles Johnson and E. Franklin Frazier at the University of Chicago.

Many became teachers in Negro colleges. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, upon his graduation in 1883 from the medical school of Northwestern University, became an instructor in anatomy there. At the invitation of President Grover Cleveland he headed the Freedmen's Hospital in Washington, D.C., but returned to Chicago to help found Provident Hospital there in 1891 and to set up the first training school for Negro nurses in the United States. It was in Chicago that he performed his famous pioneering operation on the human heart. He became a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons.

Dr. Charles R. Drew, who was graduated from Amherst in 1926, became chief surgeon and chief of staff at Freedmen's Hospital. As a leading authority on the preservation of blood plasma, Dr. Drew directed the medical division of the British Blood Transfusion 

[[image - black & white headshot photograph of Rayford W. Logan]]
[[caption]] Rayford W. Logan, head of the Howard University department of history. [[/caption]]

[[image - black & white headshot photograph of Abram L. Harris]]
[[caption]] Abram L. Harris became professor of economics at the University of Chicago. [[/caption]]

[[image - black & white headshot photograph of Ernest Just]]
[[caption]] Ernest Just served as vice-president of the American Society of Zoologists. [[/caption]]

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