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42 and do not enter the labor force labor force participation rate highest for recent migrants, lower for earlier migrants and lowest for women native to the city also a function of age as women tend to drop out of the labor force when they get married and have families of their own [[left margin]] p133 [[/left margin]] of women in the labor force in Chile nearly 2 out of 3 recent migrants are domestics, but only 1 in 5 earlier migrants and only 1 in 9 natives - data for other L. Amer. countries similar among males, however, no clear differentials between natives and migrants [[left margin]] p134 [[/left margin]] ((continuous influx of young female migrants probably depresses wages for domestics)) many of tasks performed by rural peasant women for their families can be transferred to urban setting in L. Amer, incl. preparing food, [[left margin]] p135 [[/left margin]] making & mending clothes, raising animals & veg., collecting fuel & water, etc. if see monetary value of these goods & services purchased at market prices, [[end page]] [[next page]] 43 econ. contrib. of these women unmistakable [[on left side]] p136 [[on left side]] some married women move in & out of domestic labor market, sometimes performing the same tasks for other families as she performs for her own family at home will do this to supplement (and at times of unemployment to replace) the income of other gainfully employed members of the HH -domestic service offers lower class village women a change for socio-economic mobility w/ in the broad spectrum of the lower class likely that many rural families allow their daughters to move to the city just because there are jobs in domestic service available in [[why?]] the girls are morally & physically sheltered- this, in part, migration encouraged by existance of this altern. note than in L Amer. young girls role in agr. relatively minor, so their labor not needed in rural areas [[on left side]] p 137 [[on left side]] Margo Smith writes about typical career pattern of a servant in Lima: 1. spends 1st few months after arrival w/ relatives who have