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Airplane Maneuvers 

CLIMB- To ascend at a normal angle in an airplane, not a steep angle. 

ZOOM- To climb at an angle greater than that which can be maintained in steady flight.

STALL- A climb so steep that flying speed is lost, sometimes resulting in a spin.

VERTICAL BANK- To turn in a circle with the wings in a position vertical to the earth.

SPIRAL- To descend in large circle not unlike the coils of a spring.

SLIDE SLIP- A maneuver in a steep banked position. The airplane slips sideways faster than forward.

FORWARD SLIP- Similar to the side slip with less bank. Sideward and forward speed are about equal.

DIVE- To descend steeply with or without power.

INSIDE LOOP- To describe a vertical circle, nose comes up and over.

OUTSIDE LOOP- To describe a vertical circle, nose down and under.

TAIL SPIN- Resulting from loss of air speed. The ship spins nose down.

IMMELMAN TURN- Starting as a loop, concluded in a turn coming out in opposite direction. 

ROLL- To make a complete revolution about the fore and aft axis of an airplane.

WHIP STALL- Resulting from a stall wherein the nose whips down and under beyond a vertical position.

CLIMBING TURN- To ascend at an angle and turn while climbing.

3 POINT LANDING- To land an airplane on the wheels and tail skid at the same time.

Illustration courtesy of Standard Oil Co. (Ohio)

1932 -- NATIONAL AIR RACES PAGE 45

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