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previously considered, the situation at each airport is different, and the universal application of some formula for determining how much land should be restricted may, at a particular airport, be legally impossible, prohibitively costly, politically unrealistic, or otherwise inappropriate.

One reason why some such intervention at the Federal level may be required is that a proposed new airport may well be within two or more municipalities or counties, involving several different governmental units. John F. Kennedy International Airport, at New York, is bordered by two countries, by New York City, and by the Town of Hempstead which includes within it 27 separately incorporated villages, not to mention the City of Long Beach, New York, which is surrounded by the Town. The problems of coordination among so many different political entities is obvious, especially since any effort to restrict the use of a community's land or to take it off the tax rolls is likely to be controversial. 126 However, certain States and local governments in the United States have become more conscious of the importance of recognizing and solving this problem, thanks to the efforts of NANAC and of the FAA and others.

Instead of acquiring the fee to property, it has frequently been suggested that avigation easements be acquired. This has been done at some United States airports and in some situations even as a result of court orders.

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