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HELICOPTER AIR SERVICE PROGRAM 85 30 miles off the coast. This operation is supported primarily as an adjunct to BEA"s other operations which include over 100 airplanes of various types. Also, it has been reported that the British Ministry of Aviation provided BEA with special developmental flying contracts over the last several years and contributed £75,000 in subsidy payments in 1964 to assist in startup of the present service. AUSTRALIA Ansett & Australian National Airlines is operating one Sikorsky S-61 helicopter and several small utility helicopters at Melbourne linking the downtown area with the airport. This operation is supported by these lines to complement their other operations, which include approximately 35 airplanes of various types. BELGIUM Sabena Belgian World Airlines is reported to be operating two Sikorsky S-58 helicopters between downtown Brussels and the main airport and between Brussels, Liege, Maastrich, Eindhoven, Rotterdam, Cologne, and Duisburg. This service is supported by Sabena to complement its other services which include approximately 80 airplanes of various types. Also, the Belgian Government was reported to have contributed some financial aid to Sabena in 1962 to help offset the cost of operating its helicopter service. PAKISTAN Pakistan International Airlines is operating three Sikorsky S-61's in service in sixteen cities. This service is underwritten by Pakistan International Airlines and the Pakastani Government as a public service to help open up the interior of the country which suffers from a severe lack of satisfactory land transportation and conventional airports. Pakistani International Airlines also operates approximately 20 transport airplanes. JAPAN Five different airlines have operated scheduled helicopter services are various times and places during recent years. At present, two airlines are operating helicopters as an adjunct to their other services. These companies are reportedly using two Sikorsky S-61's and five Vertol 107 helicopters, on a downtown Tokyo-airport run and on an offshore island route. It is believed that these airlines do not receive Government support, but that other operations help support the helicopter service. RUSSIA Aeroflot (Russian Air Line) operates scheduled helicopter services in Moscow, Sochi, and Irkutsk (airport to city center). Also, seasonal schedules are reported at a number of additional locations. This airline is a monopoly owned and operated by the Soviet Government. GREENLAND Greenlandair, a Danish Government-supported airline has ordered three Sikorsky S-61's for delivery in spring of 1965. The helicopters will be operated on a year-around basis to serve a number of isolated communities in Greenland that suffer from a lack of ground transportation and communication with outside areas. Mr. BEEKS. In your statement on page 6 you mentioned the total system cost. I assume you are talking about airport costs, air traffic control, things of this sort? Mr. PENNEWELL. Not just confined to the aviation field, Mr. Beeks. If you are comparing it to any other means of transportation, whether it be airlines - fixed-wing airlines - roads, highways, rail transportation, monorail, I don't care what it is, when it comes right down to it, the helicopter or other VTOL developments are the only ones that really can operate without these great investments in rig rights-of-way and other supporting facilities.
