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FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR'S MANUAL 49
Understanding of these points will help the student in obtaining the proper conception of "smooth piloting."
When these points have been grasped, the instructor should climb to al altitude of 2,500 feet or more, and proceed to stall the airplane completely. As the nose starts to fall he should again remove his hands and feet from the controls and allow the ship to recover without assistance. The student, of course, must be required to place his hands where they can be seen and keep his feet off the controls.
This maneuver should then be repeated except the hands and feet should be removed just before the complete stalling point. The airplane will then hang at this point momentarily. It should then be eased out of the stall with slight forward pressure on the elevators.
The student should then be required to execute both maneuvers and, during the latter, required to keep the ship straight during the fall and recovery.
Nonchalance on the part of the instructor throughout these maneuvers is very important in its effect on the student. Any sign of apprehension on the part of the instructor will be multiplied a hundredfold in the student and not only will the value of the demonstration be lost but more important, a bad psychological effect on the student will result.
The first stall maneuver should then be repeated and the throttle fully closed when the most starts to fall and the hands and feet are removed. Some aircraft will have to be eased out of the resulting dive, since they will not recover soon enough from the dive without power. In such ships, recovery should be made as soon as sufficient speed is regained. No attempt should be made to force the recovery.
The student should first be required to duplicate the instructor's demonstration and then to control the direction of the ship during the fall of the nose and the regaining of speed as was done with the power stalls.
When these have been executed until the student seems to have a good idea of the principles, stalls during climbing turns should be made, both with power on and with the power being cut when the nose starts down. They should be done both with the hands and feet removed and then with the direction of the fall controlled.
During these stalls with the power cut and the hands and feet off the controls the student will have gained some idea of how the ship will act in a glide if left to its own devices. The ship should now be flown level and the motor cut and, with hands and feet off, allowed to glide for the loss of about a thousand feet of altitude. This will show the student what to expect from the ship's normal performance without power and of its own accord. The first demonstration may result in a series of steps or in a dive, depending on the stability of the ship. On subsequent demonstrations the instructor should show how an adjustment of the stabilizer alone will hold the ship at a constant gliding speed and rate of descent. This will also bring out the principle of nose heaviness in a glide and give a demonstration of the reason why back pressure must be held on the stick during a glide. This is one thing that often confuses the student in the early stages of glide instruction and such a demonstration will serve to give him a better basis for understanding the balancing forces that operate due to the inherent stability in the design of the ship.