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REGULATIONS

Section 3046   
APPROACH AND LANDING

E. USE OF FLAPS (CONT'D)

1. Orders for lowering flaps, given verbally, shall be:

Captain: "Flaps Down" or "Flaps One Quarter, Half, Three Quarters Down" (whichever is desired.)

First Officer: Lower flaps, move flap control lever out and down. Return flap control lever to neutral as soon as flaps are lowered to the point requested. Report, "Flaps One Quarter, Half, Three Quarters Down", (whichever was requested). If anything is wrong, inform the Captain.

2. When the surface wind is over 15 MPH, the Captain may, at his discretion, use half flaps with full load. When the wind is over 30 MPH, it is advisable to use no flaps or not more than half flaps. The wind accomplishes the purpose of the flaps in slowing down the speed of the plane and in steepening the gliding angle with relation to the ground. When the landing is made in high gusty winds, the plane will stay on the ground better if flaps are "raised" as soon as the plane touches the ground.

3. Flaps should not be used when landing on an airport where there is over 2 inches of standing water, because serious damage to the flaps is apt to result. However, the Captain may use flaps whenever the landing is being made on a small airport under emergency conditions where such airport is covered with standing water. In cases of this sort damage to flaps is warranted by the nature of the landing.

F. FINAL APPROACH

1. With gross loads above 23,000 pounds, the approach close to the field should be made at 90-100 MPH with a little power. on, Between 23,000 and 21,000 pounds gross the approaching speed should be about 85-90 MPH as the boundary of the  field is crossed with light loads this should be reduced to 80 MPH. These speeds are for normal weather conditions and fields with 3000 ft. runways. When landing in small fields the speeds should be dropped about 3 MPH and the altitude of boundary crossing kept as close as possible for safety. In high gusty wind conditions, the approaching speeds should be raised sufficiently for good control.

2. The Captain (or First Officer if he is making the landing) shall keep his hand on the throttles continuously throughout the final part of the glide and until the airplane has stopped rolling along the ground. Throttle the engines gradually on a normal approach so that there is no abrupt reduction in power to disconcert the passengers.

2/1/47   
DC-3 FLIGHT OPERATION