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[[left page]] 25. General Toussaint L'Ouverture defeats the English at Saline. 26. On March 24 he captured Mirebalois. 27. Returning to private life as the commander and chief of the army, he saw to it that the country was well taken care of, and Haiti returned to prosperity. This was a very important period. He saw that people took care of their lands and cattle, and that slavery was abolished. 28. The constitution was prepared and presented to Toussaint on the 19th day of May, 1800 by nine men he had chosen, eight of whom were white proprietors and one mulatto. Toussaint had a liberal mind and a liberal spirit, choosing such a group to draw up the constitution. He was much criticized for his choice. However, it was a good democratic constitution. Until the time of Napoleon's attack on Haiti, "it worked." 29. L'Ouverture made a triumphant march into San Domingo on the 2nd of January, 1801——at the head of 10,000 men, and hoisted the flag of the French Republic. Toussaint did not wish to draw away from France. French were the largest group of Haitian inhabitants. The Blacks spoke Petoia French. He resisted Napoleon, only because Napoleon wished to enslave the Blacks. 30. Napoleon Bonaparte begins to look on Haiti as a new land to conquer. "That was when he was capturing everything he could." 31. Napoleon's troops under LeClerc arrive at the shores of Haiti. 32. Henri Christoph, rather than surrender to LeClerc, sets fire to La Cape. Christoph, one of Toussaint's aids, sent word that the French were in Haitian waters——that he had held them off as long as he could. He did not want them "to have the pleasure" of what the Blacks had set up. 33. General L'Ouverture, set for war with Napoleon, prepares Crete-a-Pierrot as a point of resistance. Toussaint took his troops into the mountains, deciding upon guerilla warfare, which was especially strategic because of (1) the African heritage of the Blacks, (2) that they were few in numbers, (3) mountains would provide a natural fortress. 34. Toussaint defeats Napoleon's troops at Ennery. 35. Yellow fever broke out with great violence, thus having a great physical and moral effect on the French soldiers. The French sought a truce with L'Ouverture. [[/left page]] [[right page]] [[image]] [[image caption ]] No.2 The Death of Anacanca, Haitian Queen [[/image caption]] 36. During the truce Toussaint is deceived and arrested by LeClerc. LeClerc led Toussaint to believe that he was sincere, believing that when Toussaint was out of the way, the Blacks would surrender. 37. Toussaint is taken to Paris and imprisoned in the dungeon of the Castle Joux——August 17, 1802. This was the worst punishment Napoleon could have given him. Toussaint brooded. 38. Napoleon's attempt to restore slavery in Haiti was unsuccessful. Desalines, Chief of the Blacks, defeated LeClerc. Black men, women, and children took up arms to preserve their freedom, November, 1802. 39. The death of Toussaint L'Ouverture in the Prison of Le Joux, April, 1803. This was a year later. He died of starvation, because "he didn't feel like eating." 40. The Declaration of Independence was signed January 1, 1804——Desalines, Clevaux, and Henri Christoph. The people won out. These three men made up a new constitution, writing it themselves. They were the ones who had criticized Toussaint L'Ouverture for his idealism in allowing the whites to draw up the former one. Haitian flag shows in the sketch. 41. Desalines was crowned Emperor October 4, 1804, thus: Jean Jacques the first of Haiti. Desalines, standing beside a broken chain, was dictator——as opposed to Toussaint's more liberal leadership. [[/right page]]