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New Orleans Tribune, 
21 Conti Street. Published Daily, Mondays Excepted. 21 Conti Street. 
SECOND YEAR. NEW ORLEANS, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10. 1865. VOL. 3-No. 346 

N. O. TRIBUNE. 
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Official Organ of the Republican Party of Louisiana. 

UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE. 

EQUAL RIGHTS BEFORE THE LAW 

Persons wishing to obtain copies of THE TRIBUNE will find the same as Mr. A. Simon's book-store, No. 85 Baronne street. 

Mr. Alexander R. Fançois is our agent for St. Martinsville and the whole Attakapas. 

The Freedmen of Louisiana. 

REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT T. W. CONWAY. 

On the 1st of July last, the Bureau of Freedmen, in Louisiana, ceased to be under the control of the General commanding the Department of the Gulf, and fell within the attributions of Gen. Howard. Superintendent Conway addressed to Maj. Gen. Canby a final Report, reviewing the operations of the Bureau, up to the date before-mentioned. This Report is full of precious materials for this period of our local history, which will be termed the transformation of forced to free labor. 

After some remarks and statistics on the "Home Colonies" where sick and unemployed persons are admitted, under the immediate control of the Government, the Superintendent do justice to the freedmen, in the following words, about the eternal calumny of idleness and vagrancy, thrown to the face of the subjugated race: 

"At no time have I had more than four hundred persons who could be properly classed as vagrants. This number is less, by many thousands, than was generally supposed to have been supported by this Bureau. I find that the colored people are not apt to be vagrants. They have fewer vagrants than can be found among any other class of persons, and by far the fewest beggars. The largest number in my charge are helpless persons, old men, women and small children. The classus ually called 'vagrants' by the police and the courts are industrious and self-supporting." 

But this is not all. In order to make them appear to be vagrants, when they are not, the New Orleans police arrested them in the very exercise of their daily avocations. 

"The injustice, says the Superintendent, inflicted upon the freedmen at the hands of the New Orleans police, can hardly find its equal in the history of any city in Christendom. 

"It has been the practice here to arrest as vagrants all colored laborers who were found on the streets in their working garments, and not employed just at the moment when the police saw them. These men may have had as honest employment as their prosecutors; they may have worked all day long in the burning sun, loading or unloading ships or boats; they may have been in the employ of the Quartermaster's Department, or some Department of the Government; they may have their cotton hooks hanging to their belts, showing that they have proper employment; but still they have been arrested, locked up in jail and arraigned before the courts charged with the crime of vagrancy. Not a day passes without dozens of men being sent to me as vagrants, many of whom I release immediately upon ascertaining that they have been arrested unjustly. Those who are found to be vagrants are readily and effectively corrected at our colonies, where they are made to labor and contribute to the support of the helpless of their race. The troubles inflicted by the police, when reported to the Department Commander, were promptly checked." 

And again, in another place: 

"During the summer, the police of New Orleans have entered churches and broken up the meetings of humble Christian worshipers. So great appeared to be the antagonism exhibited by these men toward the liberty enjoyed by the colored population of the city, that they used their clubs upon the floors of the meeting-houses, creating such a noise as to break up the meetings and send the poor people home in a state of fright and discouragement. When the police were asked for their authority, they showed an order signed "J. Burke, Chief of Police," and upon further investigation, it was found the Chief received his orders from the Mayor. 

"A positive order had been given by the Commanding General to Hon. Hu. Kennedy, the Acting Mayor of New Orleans, before the churches belonging to the colored people could be allowed the same freedom enjoyed by white people. When it is considered that this order was called forth three years after the United States forces took possession of New Orleans, the temper of the inhabitants may be regarded as not very favorable, or very much improved; and certainly the conduct of the authorities can be shown to be anything but encouraging." 

On the conduct of the State authorities, and their disposition toward the colored people, the Superintendent uses the following language: 

"In regard to the authorities of the State, I can say nothing whatever favorable to the policy of the Government in regard to the freedmen. In all my intercourse with them, I have only been able to discover a spirit of opposition to the proclamation of liberty issued by our late President. The orders of the Commanding General of the Department, the laws of Congress, and the orders of the War Department, have been ignored as far as they could be. Many Judges of Courts have been known to say openly that "they did not want to hear d--d nigger testimony;" and still, for fear of removal by the military commander, they have made an appearance of observing orders and respecting the evidence of the freedmen. But this superficial respect amounts to no more than simply to secure themselves. In most cases the poor people of color were no better off than if a positive refusal to their testimony was given." 

The Superintendent considers to some extent the results of the present system of labor. The question whether the colored man is able to work, is preposterous to an extreme degree in a country whose lazy white population have been fed and clothed by him for generations. If he will work under the compulsion of his wants, and the dictates of moral duty - as any other freeman works - is as certain as human nature is always and everywhere one and the same. Ignorance alone, or designing men, could propound the question. Nevertheless, the Superintendent has taken some pains to ascertain the results of the first year of free labor. We will quote from him the following remarks: 

"The failure of the crops last year, by the ravages of the army worm, was lost sight of when men talked about labor. The alleged idleness and insubordination of the negroes were always quoted as the cause of failure. Newspapers and newspaper letter writers quoted the failure as proof positive that free labor was a failure. The gross crop was compared with that of other years, and the conclusion generally drawn was, that the present system of labor was a failure. This conclusion was heralded far and wide, and many thoughtless men were found ready to admit the force of the statement. It was not difficult to show, that at no time in the history of Louisiana, had the planters so bright a prospect of large and profitable benefits from their investments as in 1864. 

"Great as wasthe supposed failure of the labor plan, it has produced a crop on about one thousand plantations, of all sizes, worth at least thirty millions of dollars. Considering that the rebels had driven the best laborers from the territory formerly within the lines of our military occupation into Texas, and that the United States, by a series of harsh and sweeping conscriptions, had taken into the army nearly all who remained who were of proper age and condition; and considering, too, that most of the planters entered upon the work faithless and doubtful, and that the laborers were the poorest of their class, the crop produced showed a triumph of the free labor system. It exceeded the expectations of all reasonable men, and showed the freedmen to be not idlers but industrious. 

"A crop worth twenty or thirty millions could not have been destroyed by the worm had it not been produced by the laborers. This is conclusive enough, and the best planters of the State have estimated the loss as even greater than that which I state." 

In another place the Report gives an idea of the opposition made to the system of free labor. 

"Men who were strong rebels against the Government, are, almost invariably, strong opponents of free labor. They continually harp upon the its impracticality, and are free in the utterance of opinions against it. They hire their laborers in a spirit of opposition to them, and to the system of labor which is adopted. When they pay them, they do so in an opposing spirit, which the freedmen understand to be opposition to their liberty. There are bright exceptions, of course. Men whose hearts are not sufficiently softened to reconcile them to the change from slave to free labor, can hardly expect that the freedmen will be content to live with them and cultivate their soil. The freedmen to are ready and anxious to work. They do not expect to be idle, but they do not expect to have their employers recognize the fact that they are as free as others. Employers who show that they do recognize this, and who treat their laborers accordingly, have but little trouble. 

"The enemies of free labor claim that slave labor is superior. They do so, more because of the force of prejudice than because there are facts to justify them. In 1864, the crop was so good, within the military lines of the United States, that planters, lessees, speculators and others, thought they would make more money, in proportion to their investments, than ever before. Sugar and cotton were valuable. The yield, up to date of its destruction by the army worm, was very rich. All who were interested were pleased. The fact that many thousands of the best colored laborers had been taken into Texas, by their rebel owners; and that several thousands of the able-bodied men, who remained, had been swept into the Union army, by a series of severe conscriptions, leaving only a very small proportion of the best laborers of the State, to cultivate the region then in our control, did not enter their minds, in the determination of their conclusions. The crops realized were good; that is all they cared for." 

This testimony is of a high value, as it emanates from the competent officer, who has seen, heard and known everything he speaks of. The time will come when this question will be treated with reason, good sense and sound judgement. The blood must cool first, and the wounds made to the pride of planters must be healed by the slow but safe process of time. 

Before we conclude with the Superintendent's Report we wish to quote a few lines more, which are a direct answer to an accusation, so erroneously and unjustly made against the colored people of Louisiana, by Maj. Gen. Hurlbut; in an official document. This Commanding General, ignoring the efforts we have made during twenty years to create public school, churches and asylums, said that we have no benevolence and no charity. The following remark of the Superintendent opposes an official testimony to an official assumption; and the Superintendent has, at least, the merit of knowing what he is speaking about: 

"The colored people are often charged with lack of sympathy for each other, when in distress. My experience justifies me in saying that there is no ground for such a statement, but that on the contrary, they are kind to each other, and in many instances I have known them to assist their old masters when in trouble." 

Is it not this a thorough and honorable vindication? 

NEW MUSIC.- We have received a copy of the song, "Rapelle Toi," by Mr. A. de Musset, music by Mr. S. Snaër, the talented Louisianian; and also "Le Chant du Déporté," written by Mr. A. Carreau, and put in music by Mr. S. Snaër. The latter piece has been translated into English, Lovers of good music will find these excellent pieces for sale at Luis Grunewald's, 129 Canal street. 

We call the attention of the workingmen to an advertisement in another column, where it will be seen that five good journeyman shoe-makers for men, and a boot-fitter, are immediately wanted. 

A Rebel Voice. 

J. H. Reagan, ex-Postmaster General in the late Confederacy, taken with Jefferson Davis after the surrender of Lee, and now a prisoner at Fort Warren, comes out in a lengthy letter to the people of Texas-the State to which he belongs-in favor of Universal Suffrage. This declaration is the fruit of long and serious meditations; Mr. Reagan has always been known as a man of a reflective and practical mind. As to his sincerity, Gov. Hamilton, an old acquaintance of his, is vouching for. The late member of the Davis cabinet says to his fellow citizens: 

"To the conferring of the elective franchise on your former slaves I anticipate a stubborn and sincere opposition, based on the ignorance of the great mass of them, and their total want of information and experience in matters of legislation, administration, and everything which pertains to the science of government and upon the pride of race. And this objection may be sustained by pointing to the examples of Mexico, and of the Central American and South American States, where, by the enfranchisement of the Indians and the negroes, and all others, without reference to race, or mental or moral fitness for the exercise of these responsible rights, they have been deprived of the blessings of peace, order and good government, and involved in an almost uninterrupted series of wars and revolutions, often of the most cruel and barbarous character, for more than half a century, with no present prospect of an amelioration or improvement of their condition. 

"But these difficulties are not insuperable, if you meet them with patience and reason. I have no doubt you can adopt a plan which fill fully meet the demands of justice and fairness, and satisfy the Northern mind, and the requirements of the Government, without endangering good government and the repose of society." 

City Items. 

The Conservative Union Convention was in session yesterday, at the Mechanics Institute. The United States flag was unfurled above the main entrance of the building. We mention this circumstance, because it was a subject of general remark that no flag whatever was displayed during the session of the Democratic Convention-the Convention that nearly mobbed Dr. Riddell for having ill spoken of the rebellion. 

Our Conservative Unionists proceeded yesterday to form a permanent organization. The officers selected are: 

President, Mr. Fusilier, of St. Martin. 

Vice Presidents, Messrs. Dennis Cronan, W. D. Martin, W. D. Whittington, Judge Hawkins, and W. T. Stocker. 

Secretaries, Messrs. S. G. Hamilton and A. L. Stone. 

A Committee was appointed to draft a platform, embodying the main features of the policy of the Conservative Union part of Louisiana. 

At the afternoon session, Hon. J. M. Wells was nominated for Governor, and Mr. Taliaferro, Sen., as Lieutenant Governor. 

Of six Parish Judges in the city of New Orleans, three are graduates of the rebel army. The offices of Sheriff and Clerk of Probate, the two most lucrative offices of the State, are held by signers of the Ordinance of Secession. Over twenty original Union men have recently been removed by Gov. Wells, to make room for as many original secessionists. 

FROM THE NORTH. 

TELEGRAPHIC. 
The Times' dispatches were bare of important facts; it will be sufficient to quote the following items: 

New York, Saturday Evening, Oct. 7.-Cotton closed less active at 51@52c. for middling. 

New York, Oct 8.-Dr. Mudd attempted to escape in one of the coal barges, of the steamer Thomas Scott, but was detected by an officer, who thrust the point of his sword in his face. Dr. Mudd was taken back to prison. 

Washington, Oct. 8.-Capt Wirz is recovering from his recent nervous depression. 

ADDITIONAL. 

New York, Oct. 2.-An official letter recently received from an officer of the Freedmen's Bureau at Sheridan; Miss., states that of 22,770 destitute people subsisted by the Government, but 770 are negroes. 

The one hundred thousand dollars in coin, captured in Georgia, from the train which Jeff. Davis carried with him on his flight, has arrived safely in Washington, and been deposited in the national Treasury. 

A large number of the Union party in Wisconsin are dissatisfied with the action of the recent State Convention, as the resolutions, which were adopted, did not speak out, plainly and frankly enough in favor of permitting colored men to vote on the same conditions as white men. Another Convention has been called, which will probably adopt the same candidates, but put them on a new platform. 

The towns of Beaucaire and Gallargues, in France, share with Nismes the unenviable notoriety of introducing bull-fights as a popular pastime. The bishop of that city has issued a pastoral letter condemning these demoralizing spectacles. Besides the destruction of brute life, several cases are recorded of men, both within and without the arena, who have been gored to death by the infuriated objects of their cruelty. [The Nation. 

Local Intelligence. 

ROBBERY.-Yesterday morning, between 12 and three o'clock, the safe of Murphy's restaurant, situated on St. Charles street, was robbed of about $3500, by some unknown persons. An opinion prevails that the theft was committed by a private watchman of the establishment. 

ACCIDENT.-A man named John Jones fell down stairs in Weibel's lodging house, on St Charles street, and fractured his skull. He was taken to the Charity Hospital. 

STOLEN COTON.-Edward Burke was arrested on Sunday charged with having fifteen bales of cotton in his possession, supposed to have been stolen. 

A man named S. J. Taylor has been arrested for having attempted to rescue a prisoner. 

Commercial and Financial. 

TRIBUNE OFFICE, Monday Evening, Oct. 9, 1865.} 
COTTON.-There was a good demand for cotton, but the movement was checked on account of the high pretensions of factors. Some sales were made, however, at previous prices. 
SUGAR AND MOLASSES.-Louisiana sugar was very scarce, and much in request by the dealers and speculators. Cuba sugar was in good supply, but was very much neglected. It was firmly held, though at full prices; and was retailing at 14 1/4@14 1/9c. for fairs, 14 1/4@15 1/8c. for fully fair, 17 1/8@18c. for prime, and 18 1/8c. for choice. The market was bare of Louisiana molasses. 
WESTERN PRODUCE.-Of flour 1200 bbls, of which 50 low superfine sold at $9 12 1/8, 155 do at 9 25, 200 low extra at $11 25, 200 do at $11 35, 50 do at $11 50, 200 good extra at $12, 100 at $12 25, 97 choice extra at $14, and 50 very choice at $16 [[?]] baril. A good jobbing trade is being done in store at $9 50 for superfine and $11 50@$16 for low to choice extra. 
MONEY MARKET-Gold was quoted at 146 1/8@146 3/4. 

MARINE INTELLIGENCE. 
TRIBUNE OFFICE, New Orleans, October 10, 1865.} 

ARRIVED YESTERDAY. 
Steamship Magnolia, Fowler. from Philadelphia 1st inst, to I C Harris-18 1st district. 
British bark Annandale, Francis, from Havana, to master-21 1st inst. 
Brig Clara Hickman,-from Havana, to Couturie Bros.-Point. 

STEAMBOATS. 
Gen. Quitman, Cannon, from Vicksburg. 
National, Baranco, from Bayou Sars. 
Nina Simmes, Greathouse, from Bayou Sara 
Lady Gay, Williamson, from Cairo, 
T D Hine, Pamele, from St. Martinsville. 
Lafourche No. 2, Fleury, from Lafourche. 
Montgomery, Translow, from Cincinnati. 
Jndge Fletcher, Gillen, from Alexandria. 
Lafourche, Brown, from Morganta. 
Idaho, Newcomb, from Bayou Macon. 

ARRIVED SUNDAY. 
Frances, Forbes, from Mobile. 
Henry Von Phul, Allen, from St. Louis. 
Majestic, Dowty, from Shreveport. 
J H Whitesaw,-from St Louis, 
Mary Conley, Stone, from Mobile. 
Caddo, Smoker, from Shreveport. 
Cuba Levy, from Shreveport. 
Glide No. 3, Culberson, from Shreveport. 

BELOW-COMING UP. 
Ship John Sidney, Baldry, from Boston. 
Bark Rosario, (Spanish) from Havana. 
Bark John Trucks, Nickerson, 20 days from Philadelphia, to E. A. Yorke. 
Schooner Flying Scud, Taylor, from Matagorda Bay. 
British brig A L Palmer, Mackintosh, from Frontero, Coast of Tabasco, with a cargo of mahogany, bound to London, put in distress, with sickness on board. 
Brig Haze, Hall, 16 days from Philadelphia. 
Mexican brig Isabella,-from Havana. 
Swedish brig Sophia, Kenderam, from St Thomas, in ballast. 

Grand Mass Meeting of the Republican Party. 

A Grand Mass Meeting of the Republican Party will be held on WEDNESDAY, 11th of OCTOBER, at the Central Hall of the Custom-house. 
Judge Warmoth and Assistant Commissioner T. W. Conway will address the meeting. sept10 

WANTED 

Five good journeyman SHOE-MAKERS for men. Also a boot-fitter; one who stitches by hand preferred. Apply at No. 243 Chartres street, between St. Philip and Dumaine, Second District. 
sept10-15 J.W. TAYLOR. 

JAMES GRAHAM, 
NOTARY PUBLIC, 
AND 
Commissioner of Deeds 
for all the States in the Union, 
No. 17 Commercial Place, 
sept10 3m NEW ORLEANS.