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THE WORLD: NEW-YORK, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 20, 1860.

lack the moral strength to carry out intelligent views.  There are hundreds of towns in the United States by which money enough is annually paid to distant fashionable, or would-be-fashionable boarding schools, to maintain seminaries of the very first class at home.  It only needs that the intelligent citizens of these towns, the men of means and weight of character, should take the local schools, if they are inferior, out of the hands of irresponsible adventurers and pretenders, put them under intelligent local supervision, and use their social influence to concentrate on them the full measure of local patronage and support. 
There can be no question that the home influence and training of an intelligent Christian family is far better than any possible boarding school influence.  The atmosphere of sweet and gentle affection, the loving, motherly assiduities, the innocent and perennial gayety, the graceful and scarcely restrained freedom of a home in which all the most engaging qualities of human nature nestle, are simply impossible in a boarding school.  One might as well expect genial warmth from the picture of a fire.  Boarding school managers tacitly confess the superiority of home influence in the promises of their advertisements-so profusely made but impossible to be kept,-that their schools shall be managed on the home model.  One is reminded of the sharp-witted Greek who was invited to hear a man who imitated the nightingale, "I have heard the bird herself."  In the vacuity of heart which visits young ladies on the deprivation of healthful and spontaneous home affections, they are exposed with double force to the temptations incident to incipient womanhood.  Sheer hunger of the heart increases the danger of their forming clandestine attachments, and creates a necessity for rendering their seclusion almost prison-like. But, like physical hunger, which proverbially gnaws through stone walls, this artificially induced longing of the affections occasionally sets at defiance the restraints put upon it, and society is scandalized, but wise men are not surprised, by the story of an elopement from a fashionable boarding school where it was supposed that perfect safety was secured by perfect surveillance.  We commend this interesting subject to the consideration of Christian heads of families, and promise them such aid as we can give in guiding their reflections to correct conclusions.
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"TWILIGHT IN THE WILDERNESS."
The very name of Mr. Church's last work is in itself a picture.  To the lively imagination it suggests at once a scene of vast and dimly-outlined beauty, but a beauty so vague and evanescent as to make its successful exhibition upon canvass seem quite impossible.  But Mr. Church likes to undertake the impossible; and he is quite right, for he so acquits himself as fully to justify his liking.  Painter after painter had tried to represent the majesty and mobile grandeur of Niagara.  The number of canvasses which its waters had borne into oblivion was countless; and the conclusion justified by all of them was that to paint the great fall in such a manner as to call up the scene and the characteristic impression which it produces was "impossible."  But Mr. Church essayed the task, and it was done.  Done, not by observing the defects of his predecessors, and correcting here and supplying there, but by a new perception, an original combination, a consciousness of that which others saw and felt unconsciously, a possession and mastery of forces which others groped to find.  It was impossible to paint Niagara, except to genius; but the very essential function of genius is to make "impossibilities" possible.
Apropos of this well-known picture, there is an anecdote that is quite authentic.  Some time after it had created such a sensation in New-York, a painter apparently emulous of its fame, was discovered by two sight-seers sketching upon the extremity of a small ledge of rocks that stretched out into the rapids.  After the fashion of their kind they approached the sketcher; and painfully stepping out upon the slippery stones, soon stood close by him.  One of them, not satisfied with mere proximity, leaned over the painter's shoulder, and examined the sketch,  The latter, not pleased with this intrusion, looked up and said, "I beg your pardon, sir, but this is a private sketch, and I dont like to have it looked at." "O, it is, is it? You don't, don't you?  Well I suppose you think yourself something of a painter; but you should go to New-York and see Church's 'Niagara.'  You'd see something then, you would.  That's something like a picture, that is." "Ah," was the reply, "I'm very much flattered that you like that picture; for I painted it."  The man looked incredulous for one moment, and aghast for another, for there was no mistaking the meaning of the steady, sober gaze he met; then wheeling suddenly, at peril of a ducking, and perhaps his life, upon the narrow sock, he said, "You did, did you? Then let me introduce you to my friend, Mr. Brown.  Mr. Brown, Mr. Church- Mr. Church, Mr. Brown." --But we have wandered from "Twilight in the Wilderness."
The new picture is remarkable for its unity of impression, and for its exhibition of a subtle perception and firm grasp of the most delicate and evanescent effects of color, and of light and shadow.  The scene is a type of many that may be found in our hill country.  High, craggy, hemlock-covered hills are upon each side; a small river flows between them; and along the horizon stretches a mountain range, whose distant day-blue is glowing into purple under the light reflected from flurried clouds all glowing in the rays of the unseen sun.  Except these clouds and the sky upon whose cool blue they burn, the whole landscape lies in the clear shadow of early twilight.  Whoever has often looked upon such scenes, and has been penetrated to his inmost soul with their sweet and solemn beauty, knows just the glory and the tender charm that are united in this picture.  As to criticising its composition or its manipulation, we should as soon think of parsing "Hamlet."
"Twilight in the Wilderness," by its unity and its embodiment of the subtlest expression of beauty that can come from inanimate nature, as well as by its marvellous, miraculous power and delicacy of color, establishes the supremacy of its painter in his department of the art.  He has attained the distinction-that rarest distinction-of being a painter without a manner, almost without a style.  His pictures are not tinged with his own personality.  He paints, not nature according to Mr. Church, but simply, nature.  His eye, like every other man's, is a camera with a brain behind it; but his brain gives him the power to transfer to canvass the vanishing forms and tints and shadows thrown upon his eye, unaffected by the medium through which they have passed, except by selection, combination, and unification.  It is to this absence of any signs of mood or manner in his works that we attribute the charge of a deficiency in feeling which is sometime brought against them.
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RELATIONS WITH JAPAN.—The embassy which we are now receiving with such tiresome ceremonies, was sent for commercial purposes. It came to see what America could offer to justify the Japanese government in the unprecedented concessions which it had been induced to make. Curiosity to see the people, whose shrewdness had broken down the more than Chinese wall of disunion between Japan and the European world, probably furnished an additional motive. There are few events of latter years more interesting than the fact, that a people so reserved, suspicious, and ignorant of the rest of the world, was induced to commit a deputation of its nobles to a voyage of fifteen thousand miles in the war-vessel of a foreign power. It is an evidence of wisdom and good management on the part of our officers in this delicate business, and of a confidence on the part of the Japanese wholly without exemple. 
They come among us with peculiar and fixed notions of etiquette. It is superfluous to say that while these differ much from the American standard, there are many points which it would not damage our manners to imitate. At every step in their progress their notions of politeness have been violated, although they have probably seen that our design is to show them due honor in our own way. Too much eagerness to gratify our curiosity, and too little care to forward the objects of the embassy, have been manifested. It would probably be instructive, as well as amusing, if we could hear in English the remarks which they make to each other, and especially if we could read the unspoken reflections of the grave and intelligent noblemen who head the party. Evidences of American power, skill, and enterprise, cannot fail to impress their minds, but their sense of their own superiority is probably by no means diminished. They know that they are able to imitate anything they see, and their beautiful revolving rifle proves that they can. Evidences of Japanese capacity for every art are abundant. Not far from geographical latitude most favorable to intellectual and physical development, this ingenious, amiable and self-determined people will yet make a marked figure among the nations. 
It is cause of patriotic gratulation that we have done so much to open the way for the advancement of Japan. We think, with increased respect, of the wisdom and foresight of the great statesman who formed the plan, and desire that it shall be carried out in the best way. Not merely or mainly the mercantile interest of our country, although it is probable that wide-awake Yankees may enrich themselves in this new avenue of trade; but especially for the sake of christianity, and for what these nimble and intelligent Asiatics may do for their neighbors, when they have been taught a better faith. National propriety itself has a truer foundation than intelligence or acquisitiveness-even christianity, which uses these qualities for its own purposes, and directs them to a durable greatness and glory. We are far from wishing that direct or intrusive efforts should be made to proselyte the Japanese now among us. But that they should, as far as possible, be made acquainted with the efficient influence of christian religion, in maintaining the strength and permanency of our institutions, is most desirable. Without this, they can borrow little from us that is valuable. In the mere arts of civilization they are already not far behind us.
Our institutions of benevolence should be fully exhibited to them, and will be found of greater interest and importance than our political movements, or the workings of our police establishments. Matters of police are well understood and practised by them already, while the corruptness of our politics cannot impress them with a great respect for republican institutions. 
Especial care should also be taken that they have opportunity to visit Lowell and other places of similar manufacturing importance. They should see the marvellous machinery at Providence, by which over five hundred screws are made every second, the year round; the armory at Springfield; Colt’s factories; the great iron producing establishments of Pennsylvania; some of the myriad manufactories of Connecticut, and other like monuments of enterprise and scientific skill. If these obvious matters are neglected; if, on the contrary, they are taught the habits of intemperance and immorality, which are so foreign to their simple tastes, but which are so prevalent here, it is chance if the embassy does not conclude that Japan will not gain enough by commerce with America to pay for the demoralization of its manners. 
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CHEAP MARTYRDOM- Archbishop Hughes refuses to comply with the law, requiring all persons who perform the marriage ceremony in the city, to report the same to the City Inspector. In his letter to Mr. Delavan, he says: ”I am prepared for a prison or a scaffold, but I am not prepared to obey a requisition which would violate the obligations of my conscience in a country like this, in which it is said that civil and religious liberty is the right of every citizen.” This is magnanimous, but we see no good reason for refusing the demand of the law. The bishop argues that as he is not paid by the State for “performing marriage,” he is under no obligation to heed the State, and that many cases occur “in which it is for the Catholic priest to remedy privately the evils which the corruption of morals may have entailed.” The difference between covering up and remedying corruption is what Bishop Hughes and his church are not apt to consider. We suppose that he alludes to marriages which are consummated in reparation of seduction, or for like causes. Yet how plain it is that privacy in such cases offers a premium for unfaithfulness. Publicity is the very object of the marriage ceremony. If not public, it need not be at all. It calls upon all men to bear witness. The law is therefore eminently fitting and proper, and in the spirit of the marriage institution. The penalty for its infraction is fifty dollars in each case, which Mr. Delevan, City Inspector, being advised by Corporation Attorney Bronson applies to priest as well as magistrate, is going to collect vigorously. We have no doubt that those who wish to cover the “weakness of fallen human nature” by private marriages, will consider themselves cheaply muleted, and will rejoice to save the bishop’s private pocket. 
The archibishop says, ”Nothing is left undone in the church to which I belong, which is not in harmony with the best interests of society.” An extraordinary admission, if the archbishop really meant it.
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GEORGE LAW AND THE BATTERY FRONT- We trust that the Mayor will arrest the shameful plunder of the city property involved in the grant, by both branches of the Common Council, of two hundred feet of the battery front to the Staten Island Ferry Company alias George Law. That grant was clearly at variance with the original conditions upon which the property was set apart for the public use, and is so uncalled for that it is difficult to conceive how it could have obtained the sanction of honest men. It is nothing more or less than a sequestration of public property for private uses. If the Mayor fails here in his duty to the public, let the ample powers of the Comptroller be plied against the scheme to their full extent.
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THE GARIBALDI FUND.- The growing interest felt here in the cause of freedom in Italy, is shown in the subscriptions and money that are daily pouring into the hands of the committee of Italian residents, appointed to receive subscriptions to aid Garibaldi. There are seven members of the committee, and each is daily in the receipt of funds to be appropriated in the purchase of muskets and other warlike equipments, to aid Garibaldi in his struggle for Italian independence. It is not known what the aggregate receipts are, but the committee are soon to have a meeting, and arrange for remitting the money direct to Garibaldi. Arrangements are nearly completed for an artistic demonstration at the Academy of Music, to assist in swelling the proposed remittance. All the leading Italian artists sojourning in the city, have consented to appear. 
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LAUNCH.- A pilot boat, to be called the Charles H. Marshall, built by Mr. Henry Steers for the New York and Sandy Hook pilots, will be launched this morning from the foot of Twelfth street, E.R., at half-past nine o’clock. 
NEW YORK CITY 
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THE ARTIC EXPEDITION
SPECIAL MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY- DR.HAYES’ STATEMENT OF WHAT HE PROPOSES TO DO-THE EXPEDITION TO SAIL, POSITIVELY, ON THE 26TH INST., FROM BOSTON-VOLUNTEERS FROM THE POLAR REGIONS-LIST OF OFFICERS,&c.
The committee of the American Geographical Society, on the Arctic expedition, held a special meeting yesterday, at the office of Cyrus W. Field. Dr. Hayes was present, and stated that the objects of the proposed expedition were as follows:
1st. The further exploration of the open polar sea, discovered by Dr. Kane, with a view of determining its limits and character, and thus to settle more positively this vexed question. 
2d. To complete the survey of the northern coasts of Greenland and Grinnell Land. 
3d. To determine important questions relative to the magnetism, the meteorology, the natural history, and the general physics of the unexplored region north of Smith strait. 
It was decided by the committee, that owing to the lateness of the season, and the consequent delay of ten days, not to bring the vessel around to this city, but to dispatch he from Boston direct.
Her crew will consist of the following officers: Dr. Isaac J. Hays, commander; Capt. McCormic sailing master; Mr. H.W. Dodge, first officer; a second officer, surgeon, carpenter, artist, clerk, steward, cook, and six men. She will carry four boats; two are now in New London, Ct., and were built by Mr. G.W. Rodgers, after the pattern of the boats used by Dr. Kane, Lieut. DeHaven, and Lieut. Harstein, the boats are about 24 feet long, 6 feet beam, and 20 inches in depth; there are sledges built on which the boats are set, and the dogs will draw them over the snow and ice. Mr. Gibson Caruthers, the carpenter of the proposed expedition, and who was the carpenter of the first Grinnell expedition in the brig Advance, leaves the city this evening to attend the shipment of the boats from New London to Boston. 
The third boat is one of Francis’ metalic life boats, so constructed as to be easily taken apart and readily put together again; this boat will be similar to the one used by the Dead Sea expedition under Commander Lynch, U.S.N. The fourth boat is a common ships’ boat. 
Capt. McCormick, the sailing master, and Mr. Dodge will leave the city tomorrow and will join the vessel and take charge of her until the arrival of Dr. Hayes. 
The committee then fixed the day of sailing, which is to be the 26th day of June. 
Dr. Hayes then stated that he would, on leaving Boston, proceed direct to the coast of Greenland, possibly touching at St. Johns. On arriving on the coast of Greenland, the expedition will stop at Upernavick, the most northern out-post of civilization, and the last missionary station on the Greenland coast. Here they will procure dogs and furs. They will leave this port about the 28th of July and proceed northward through the middle ice, and will reach Smith Strait about the middle of August. The remainder of the season, until the 10th of September, will be occupied in reaching a secure winter harbor on the west coast of Smith Strait. In the spring they will proceed northward, with the boats on sledges drawn by the Esquimaux dogs, the vessel being left in charge of one half of the crew. 
The exploring party will be in the field during the summer season, and should Dr. Hayes be successful in accomplishing his purposes he would return to the vessel before the close of the summer, and in August will set sail for New York. If, however, the explorations are continued into the second winter he will not be liberated from the ice until the following autumn: prolonging his absence to two and one half years. Dr. Hayes announced that he will be accompanied by Mr. Sontag, who was the astronomer of the Kane Expedition; also that Mr. Copeland of 56 South street had furnished 2,000 lbs. of Desicated meat at cost price, and that G. C. Gunther of 46 Maiden Lane had presented the expedition with a good supply of Buffalo robes; and the publishers of this city had liberally donated books, &e., to the library. 
Notwithstanding the frequent appeals made to the public the committee still lack many articles which go to make up the essential points of comfort which are so much desired on so long and venturesome an expedition. 
The stores and articles most needed are flour, rice, coffee, black tea, sugar, molasses, butter, cheese, lard, beans and peas, dry fruit, preserved meats, vegetables, beef, pork, lime juice, pickles, malt, biscuit, tobacco, gunpowder, shots, cap, lead, guns, whale oil, flannel blankets, buffalo robes, fur, and coal. The committee appeal to the owners of establishments where either of these articles are manufactured or sold to send contributions of such stores; by so doing they will do an important service to this noble and national undertaking. Contributions sent to the following gentlemen will be promptly acknowledged:-
Egbert L. Viele.   
Francis Lieber.
Cyrus W. Field.
Benjamin H. Field.
Henry E. Pierrepont.
August Belmont.
Charles P. Daly.
Robert B. Winthrop.
James L. Graham.
Frank Moore.
Henry Grinnell, Treasurer.
F. L. Hawks.
George Folsom.
Peter Cooper.
Marshall Lefferts.
George Opdyke.
F. S. Stallkneet.
John D. Jones.
George F. Woodward.
John D. Clute.
Dr. Hayes left the city for Philadelphia yesterday afternoon. 
Several young men, of very respectable families, were waiting to obtain an audience with Dr. Hayes, after the conclusion of the committee meeting, volunteering their services freely. Owing to the limited room in the vessel, he was able to accommodate but a few of them. 
A great many have applied from time to time for a chance to visit the icy regions at the North, but the Doctor has been obliged to refuse them the coveted opportunity.
The danger of these enterprises is much less than is generally supposed; out of twenty-eight or thirty expeditions to the polar regions, only one has proved wholly disastrous; one or two vessels have been crushed, five or six abandoned- most of them unnecessarily.
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BALLOON ASCENSION BY A FEMALE.- Miss Myra Rosella was to have made an ascension in Palace Gardens, yesterday afternoon. 
The balloon, named the Venus, was constructed by Prof. Wise, and is the one in which the ill-fated Connor was to have ascended. The envelope is twenty-eight feet in diameter, with a capacity of holding ten thousand cubic feet of gas, which, according to Mr. Wise’s calculation, has an ascending power of 380 pounds. About six feet below the envelope is suspended the car, or more properly, in this case, the basket. It is of wicker-work, four feet in length, three in breadth, and two in height, and looks almost precisely like the large clothes-baskets that housekeepers use. This is attached to the network encasing the envelope by twenty cords, each one of which has been submitted to a tension of 200 lbs. The cost of the whole was $250.  
Out of deference to the Japanese fever, the balloon was fancifully decorated with Japanese and American flags.
About four o'clock the inflation was commenced, and had hardly got well under way when the proprietor of the gardens put an end to the proceedings. Mindful of the fate of Conner, he was unwilling to risk Miss Rosella on so gusty a day as was yesterday, and therefore postponed the ascension until Thursday next.

THE N.Y. HISTORICAL SOCIETY - PURCHASE OF THE ABBOTT COLLECTION -- A special meeting of the New-York Historical Society was held in the library last evening. The Society was called to order by Mr. Frederick De Peyster, who, in the absence of the president, occupied the chair.
The committee on the purchase of the Abbott collection of Egyptian Antiquities reported that the purchase had been affected, and that nearly all the subscriptions had been paid. Upon being released from their duties, the committee proffered a series of resolutions to the effect that the collection be always called the Abbott Collection, and that the thanks of the Society be tendered to the citizens of New-York for their liberality in aiding in the purchase of the Antiquities for the society. Among the letters received by the corresponding secretary two elicited special attention. One was from Mr. R. A. Wilson, the author of the "Conquest of Mexico," severely animadverting upon the late W. H. Prescott and upon Baron Van Humbolt, for endorsing the views of Prescott. The other letter was from the librarian at the United States Naval Academy, at Annapolis, enclosing a copy of a letter of Washington to Sir Edward Newenham, written Aug. 29th, 1798, and requesting that the society decide upon the authenticity of the letter and promising that in case an affirmative decision is rendered the original epistle shall be secured to the society, together with two others addressed to the same person.
Upon the suggestion of Mr. Folsom, President Sparks, who chanced to be present, assured the society that, so far as he could remember, the letter was genuine, and was under the impression that it was printed in his selection from Washington's correspondence.
A letter from D. W. Alvord, of Greenfield, Mass., was read, which stated that he was in possession of the only portrait of Gen. Joseph Warren that is in existence, and offered to dispose of it for a good round sum. In front of the platform, there was placed a bust of Kosciuzko, which had been loaned for the occasion by Col. Zeltnar. This is also offered to the society.
Hon. George Folsom then offered a resolution that for the future, all papers read before the society be restricted to one hour in length, and that the authors be requested to avoid everything of a controversial character, whether in politics or religion. This brought forth a lively discussion on the part of the members, inasmuch as it was supposed to refer to the papers read a year ago on "Jonathan Edwards," by Hon George Bancroft, to which some objections were made at the time of Gen. Wetmore and Mr. Folsom. The subject was finally laid upon the table. Resolutions in respect to the memory of Joseph Blunt and S. C. Goodrich were presented by Rev. Dr. Osgood and seconded by Hiram Ketchum, Esq., which were adopted and the society adjourned till the first Tuesday in October.
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FREAKS OF THE LIGHTNING YESTERDAY.-During the storm yesterday, the building No. 21 Nassau street, was struck by lightning, and a pole on the roof was shivered to pieces. The lightning played various pranks in other places. It startled an assemblage of produce merchants in the Corn Exchange by striking the telegraph wires, and producing a variety of sparks, accompanied by crackling noises. It is said it also struck one of the Trinity church vestrymen, who was standing on the corner of Nassau and Wall streets, but we could not learn any name.
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THE CITY INSPECTOR AND ARCHBISHOP HUGHES.-Col. Delavan and City Inspector in compliance with the instructions of the Corporation Counsel, yesterday took preliminary steps to secure evidence against Archbishop Hughes, showing his violations of the law of 1653, requiring the registry of marriages. Before any action can be taken in the courts it is necessary to obtain affidavits upon which to base the charge and legal proceedings. As soon as these affidavits are procured, it is proposed to have the matter brought forthwith to a legal issue. An exciting and lengthy legal controversy is promised. As none of Mr. Delavan's predecessors in office exercised the law, and as a fine of $50 attaches to each case of neglect to register a marriage, there must be due the city a handsome aggregate in the way of fines.
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PROGRESS OF TAKING THE CENSUS.-The men appointed by Marshal Rynders to take the census in this city and the counties embraced in the Southern District of New York, yesterday brought in the first sample sheets of their work. This is a new regulation introduced by Mr. Ingraham, to whom has been deputed supervision of the takers of the census; the object being, if any failed to understand their duties and were doing their work wrong, to set them right on the instant, and save thereby a great deal of subsequent unnecessary labor. An examination of the sample sheets made yesterday afternoon shows that less than half had made the proper returns, which will of course compel more than half the work thus far done, to be done over again, so that the taking of the census may be said not to have yet been fairly commenced. As a copy of the "law and instructions"-a pamphlet filling over thirty pages-is given to each person appointed to take the census, it is fair to infer that the statute is incorrectly drawn, and the instructions illegally imparted, or that the appointees are incapable and their endowment of comprehension excessively meagre. As to who the census-takers are, and whether they are the right kind of men or not, and whether there is any guarantee that the work will be half done or not, the public have no means of knowing, as Mr. Rynders persistently refuses to furnish the list for publication.
The law requires the final returns to be sent to the Secretary of the Interior before the first of November. A second copy is transmitted to the Secretary of State, and one is kept in the Marshal's office. The same law prevails as at the last census, only the instructions enforce a more extended series of questions. If any one refuses to answer the questions put to him, or gives incorrect answers, he is liable to prosecution and fine.
About two hundred census-takers have been appointed by Mr. Rynders. Of this number, one hundred have been deputed to take the census of this city, forty of Kings county, and the remainder of the twelve other counties embraced in this district.
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SUNDAY ARRESTS BY THE POLICE._ Under the New Police act, which enforce a more rigid observance of Sunday, particularly as regards the sale of intoxicating drinks, than the former act, the number of arrests on that day have materially decreased. Formerly the arrests of this day were about double those of any week day, over three hundred being the average number arrested. On last Sunday only one hundred and Fifty-seven arrests were made. In the Seventh precinct the largest number of arrests occurred, twenty arrests being its contribution to the aggregate number. In the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth precincts there were no arrests, and only one each in the Fifth, Twelfth, and Twenty-second precincts. The Sixth precinct, which always used to be foremost in rowdyism and rum drinking, has subsided into a remarkably orderly ward-only nine arrests have taken place on Sunday-while in the First Precinct, which for a long time has disputed the championship with the Sixth in the list of Sunday rum shops, bacchanalian riots and rows, but three arrests are reported. The following are the alleged offences for which the arrests were made and the number respectively arrested.
Intoxication 77
Disorderly conduct 30
Assault and battery 10
Grand larceny 5
Violating Sunday Law 4
Burglary 2
Picking pockets 2
Petty larceny 1
Violating Sunday liquor law 1
Interfering with officer 1
Violating Corporation ordinance 1
Miscellaneous offence 14
It will be seen that nearly one half of the arrests were for intoxication, which allows a fair presumption that a large number of rum shops were kept open in violation of the law, although the sharp sighted people failed to arrest but one party selling liquor, who was arrested in the Fourteenth precinct. The four arrests reported for violating the Sunday law, occurred in the Seventh precinct, but neither was for selling liquor, but for other violations of the Sunday statute.
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AFRICAN TRADE.-Messrs. Yates & Potterfield will dispatch a vessel this week to the coast of Africa. Their next vessel will be the brig Ocean Eagle, which is expected daily. She will be fitted out immediately, and will take out a large number of passengers and a large and valuable cargo. The bark M. C. Stevens, owned by the Colononization Society, is expected at Baltimore soon. She will take out a large number of emigrants. We are informed that never in the history of the society has there been so many applications for passage to the coast of Africa. The colored people are inaugurating societies among themselves, and this year more emigrants will leave for Africa than have done within the last five years.
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SOMETHING NEW.-The following canal boats have entered foreign in the Custom House within the past day or two. They bring cargoes of oats and peas from various parts of Canada to Rouse's Point, on this side of the line, and from thence, by Lake Champlain, to Troy and New-York. The D. Ryder, Carrie. J. W. Ingalls, Dacota, and Tribune. They come under the reciprocity treaty, but must enter the customs as if sailing vessels from any other of the British provinces.
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BOARD OF COUNCILMEN.-The Board of Councilmen held a meeting yesterday afternoon in the chamber of the Board of Aldermen, Councilman Pinckney presiding, in the absence of the president.
After the usual routine business, a resolution to the effect that East Broadway, from Chatham square to Grant street, be paved with Belgian pavement, was referred to the Committee on Streets.
A resolution to have Second avenue paved with Belgian pavement, between Houston and Twenty-third street, was referred to the Committee on Streets.
The report of the Committee on Battery Enlargement, which has passed the Board of Aldermen, and came up yesterday for concurrence, was referred to the Committee on Wharfs, Piers and Slips.
A resolution which passed the Board of Councilmen several sessions ago, in favor of appropriating $750 for the fitting up of a drill room over Jefferson Market for the Seventy-ninth Regiment, was referred to one of the standing committees.
A paper from the Committee on Sewers, on the building of a sewer in Franklin street, from West Broadway to Hudson street, was laid over.
The report of the Committee on Repairs and Supplies was then read, and among other things, recommended an outlay of $250 for fitting up a room for the accommodation of reporters. Councilman Hogan advocated the claims of the reporters, and Councilman Shaw ridiculed the idea, and said that soon it will be necessary for reporters to have carriages hired to convey them to and from their offices. If the reporters would confine themselves continually in the room when once fitted up, he was in favor of the appropriation.
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ATTEMPTED SUICIDE.-A man named John Byrne, in Cow Bay, in the neighborhood of the Five Points, yesterday attempted to commit suicide by throwing himself out of his window. He succeeded only in breaking his leg, and was taken to the Hospital by Officer Muldoon of the Sixth Precinct. The cause of this act was a slight difficulty with his wife.
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DROWNED.-Joseph Schenk, a colored man, aged twenty, employed on the propellor Sachem, lying at pier No. 15 East River, accidentally fell overboard on Monday afternoon and was drowned. The body was recovered yesterday, and Coroner Jackman held an inquest on it. Verdict, accidental death.
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BROOKLYN
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TUESDAY 10 P.M.
MEETING OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS - THE NEW COURT HOUSE - THE COMMISSIONER OF JURORS.- An adjourned meeting of the Board of Supervisors was held at the jail this afternoon. The special committee appointed to select a suitable location for a new court house, submitted a report through its chairman, Supervisor Crowell. The report [[ink blotch]] mended the purchase of twenty lots of land on Futton avenue, Joralemon street and Livingston street, belonging to Jogn Schenck, and known as the Millitary'. Garden property, at a price not exceeding $70,000. The site in question is in the immediate vicinity of the City Hall, has the frontage on Fulton avenue and Joralemon street of 140 feet, runs the same width a distance of 351 feet, to Livingston street. An effort was made to effect the immediate adoption of the report as it was said a delay might precent the acquisition of the property, which is well adapted to the purpose, being convenient of access, as the business, although not the geographical, centre of the county. The measure was opposed by Supervisor Crooke, of Flatbush, and others, who favored a location near Washington Park. The subject was finally made the special order at the meeting of the Board of Monday next.
  Supervisor Cropsey, of the Committee on Penitentiary, made a report recommending the retention of the deputy-keepers of the penitentiary, as officers well qualified for the position. Supervisor Wilson made  minority report in favor of removing such officers and designating others in their place. Both reports were laid on the table.
  The Committee on Salaries, in accordance with a resolution of the Board, reported that the books and accounts of Mr. Campbell, the Commissioner of Jurors, had been examined; that the same had been found correct in all respects, and that the business of his office was faithfully discharged. The receipts of the office, from its establishment to June 14th, amounted the sun of $2,441.08, while the expenses for the same period were $6,005.84. Fines to a large amount had been levied, many of which, especially in the City Court, could not be collected. The report was adapted. The same committee reported adversely to any increase in the salaries of county officers, and the report was adopted except as to the case of James Duffy, employed as an attendant in the chambers of the County Court, whose compensation was fixed at $500 per annum.
  DANGEROUS CONDITION OF AN AVENUE-SERIOUS ACCIDENT- Flatbush avenue, in the vicinity of Ninth street, remains, through the neglect of the city government, in a most dangerous condition. The avenue has been cut down about ten feet to the new grade, while the intersecting streets remain as before. On Sunday night, a party of five gentlemen, returning from Sheepshead Bay in a carriage belonging to Mr. Ware, No. 134 Avenue C, New-York, drove over the steep embankment in Ninth street into Flatbush avenue. Thomas Elliot, the driver, and another person, who was seated on the box, were severely injured. The carriage and horses sustained much damage. No effort is made by the authorities to give warning of this dangerous pass.
  HIGHWAY ROBBERY.-Mr. Schensele was attacked last night about ten o'clock, near his residence, in Meserole street, E.D., and robbed of a wallet containing between $200 and $300. The robber escaped.
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JERSEY CITY
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  ROBBERY OF A CHURCH.-On Saturday night the Episcopal church at Hoboken, N.J., was entered by thieves, and the carpet, several silk-velvet cushions, the minister's robes, and, in fact, every movable article, stolen. No clue has been obtained to the perpetrators of the cowardly theft.
  JERSEY CITY AND BERGEN HORSE RAILROAD.-This road is now completed. A trial trip over the road was made yesterday, and everything passed off in a satisfactory manner. To-morrow (Thursday) the cars ill commence running regularly from Jersey City ferry to Hudson City.
  SUNDAY SCHOOL EXCURSION.-To-morrow (Thursday) the Sunday school attached to the York street M.E. Church, Jersey City, will make an excursion to Morris Grove, near Rahway, N.J., starting at eight A.M., and returning in the afternoon.
  COURT OF GENERAL SESSIONS.-Hugh Boylan and his wife, Bridget, were found guilty of assault and battery, with intent to do bodily harm. The judge sentenced the man to three years in the State prison, and discharged his wife.
  Benjamin Lyon, charged with selling a horse having the glanders, was found not guilty. During his trial a person who had repeatedly interrupted the lawyer, was sentenced to imprisonment for three days, and to pay a fine of fifteen dollars, for contempt of court.
  The case of Philip Pickle, charged with perjury, was dismissed by the district attorney, on sufficient proof that he was not responsible for his own aota.
  The case of Dennis Sayre, charged with purchasing a valuable promissory note, with a worthless check on the Market bank, in which he had no deposit, was postponed until Saturday.
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  Strangers visiting the city would be pleased to look in at No. 308 Broadway, where may be seen a cabinet of some thousands of skulls, busts, portraits, etc., from all parts of the world, including flat-headed Indians, Caribs, Chinamen, Equimaux, Egyptian mummies, pirates, robbers, murderers, thieves, boxers, including Hoenan and Sayers, soldiers, Garibaldi, Victor Emmanuel and others, clergymen, lawyers, physicians, statesmen, and other leading men. Professor FOWLER is in attendance.
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DIED.
RANNEY.-In Philadelphia, on the 12th inst., Mary Lizzie Shuck, daughter of Edwin II. and Mary S. Ranney, aged 3 years.
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COURTS OF LAW.
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DAY CALENDAR FOR JUNE 20th,
SUPREME COURT CIRCUIT-Part I.-Same as yesterday.
Part II.- 891m 889, 888, 892, 890, 1160, 390, 378, 1138½, 1142, 1144, 1146, 48, 1148, 362, 222, 212, 800, 390 1066.
SUPREME COURT SPECIAL TEAM.-(Held in General Term Room).-Same as yesterday.
SUPERIOR COURT, TRIAL TERM.-Part I.-(To be held in Court of Common Pleas, Part I).-477, 479, 475, 233, 481, 461, 462, 457, 413, 467, 463, 1235, 293, 225, 191.
Part II.-(Held in Tammany Hall, second floor, opens at 10 o'clock A. M.)-318, 610, 166, 10, 448, 616, 618, 620, 622, 624, 628, 630, 266, 604, 560.
U. S. DISTRICT COURT.-16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

SUPREME COURT-CHAMBERS.
Before Justice INGRAHAM. June 19,
DECISIONS
William Wade vs. N. A. Reynolds.
Motion granted.
A. F. Wolf vs. Anktell.
Motion granted.
Aaron H. Bean vs. Van Veghten.
Motion granted.
Gustavus Schwazman vs. Bernar
Motion granted.
Oufheltree vs. Lockwood, dc.
Motion granted for third Friday in September.
Rosenbaum vs. Hand, dc.
Motion granted.
Ann Maria Brown vs. Daniel S. Brown.
Referred back to referee for further proof.
Sackett vs. Graff.
Motion granted.
Michael Christal, dc., vs. McLaughlin.
Motion granted, and reference ordered to H. H. Morange, Esq.
Geo. Marklen, dc., vs. Doty.
Motion granted, with $5 costs to be set off.
David Gould vs. Rupelje.
Motion granted.
Bodartha vs. Hamblin.
Motion denied, without costs.
In the matter of petition Charles P. Durando, dc. 
Motion denied.
Goldsmith vs. Graff.
Motion granted, with costs to abide the event.
Julia D. Patten vs. Potter.
Motion granted by default.
Von Bauer vs. Hudson.
Motion granted by default

Before JUSTICE BONNET.
Alonzo James vs. E. J. Baldwin.
Motion to set aside order denied; no costs of this motion to either party.
The New Albady and Salem Railroad Company vs. Leland.
Motion for re-adjustment of costs granted. No costs to either part.
John H. Genin vs. Miller Coal Company.
Motion without costs.

Before Justice INGRAHAM.
Mary L. Ulman vs. Benoni E. Ulman.
Motion granted.
Same vs. Same.
Referred to John P. Crosby, Esq., to inquire what sum (is any) should be allowed for alimony.
Thos. Thomas vs. The Park Bank.
Motion denied.
Prosper M. Welmore vs. James Brown, dc.
Motion denied without costs.
Solomen Andrews, Jr. vs. Josephine W. Andrews.
Divorce granted.
RESOLVED CASES FOR WEDNESDAY-79, 181, 184, 186, 224, 225, 280, 444, 445, 454, 471, 505, 526, 554,.
The general call commences at No. 564.

SUPREME COURT - CIRCUIT.
Before Justice BOOKES.-June 19.
THE WILL CASE.
Wait Wells vs. Solomon, etc.
The trial of this action has consumed several days, and was closed this morning by a verdict for the defendant, sustaining the will. The plaintiff claimed that the will was a forgery, and again that it had been induced through undue influence upon the testator while he was in an incompetent state of mind.
Jas. T. Brady for defendant.

CIRCUIT-PART II.
Before Justice LEONARD.
Warrin vs. Smith.
Case took all day and given to the jury.

SUPREME COURT-GENERAL TERM.
TAXES UPON NON-RESIDENTS.
The People ez. rel. The Parker Mills against The Commissioners of Taxes and Assessments.
This suit brought into the Supreme Court by certorari of the assessment laid by the defendants upon the goods of the Parker Mills, sent here for sale, involved a question of interest to non-resident tax payers.
When the assessment was laid, the company had $10,000 of their goods at the depot in this city for sale, and the commissioners assessed them upon that amount.
The General Term confirm this assessment, but Justice Leonard dissented. The substance of his opinion is as follows:
The act of February, 1855, under which the assessment is made, provides that all persons and associations doing business in the State of New-York, as merchants, bankers or other wise, either as principals, or partners, whether special or otherwise, and not residents of this State, shall be assessed and taxed on all sums invested in any manner in said business, the same as if they were residents of this state.
Residents of this state are assessed upon their personal property for the amount thereof, after deducting therefrom the amount of their liabilities. Thus, the assessment is upon the amount of the capital of residents not invest in real estate. Non-residents; under this act, are to be assessed in the same way, where they are doing business here, on all sums invested in business.
"Invest" is defined by Worcester to be the laying out money or capital in some permanent form so as to produce an income. Webster defines this word as the clothing money in something permanent or less fleeting: as to invest money in funded or bank stock; to invest it in lands or goods.
The learned Justice then suggests that the fact of sending goods here for sale cannot constitute an "investment." The Parker Mills "investments" are limited to their factories and facilities in Massachusetts, where their factory is located. If the goods they send here-not to be "invested," but to be turned into money-are to be subject to assessment, then the flour mills of Michigan, and cotton growers of the south will be liable to taxation upon the products they  send into this State for sale. When the goods are sold the money does not continue in the business here, nor is it here re-invested.
Upon the acceptation of the term "invest," given by the assessors in this case, all the cattle in the hands of drovers or their agents all the cotton and tobacco of the southern planters, which may be in the hands of agents in New York for sale when the assessors are engaged in making up their lists, are subject to assessment and taxation here. Merchandise coming from abroad, where it is manufactured or produced, to this city for the mere purpose o sale, does not, in my opinion, come within the description contained in the act of Feb. 1855, nor within the abuse sought to be remedied.
The applicant should be relived from the assessment and tax complained of.

SUPERIOR COURT.
Part II.-Before Justice BOSWORTH, June 19.
The Belmont Branch Bank vs. William Hoge, dc.
This cause took all day and is still unfinished.
Part I.- The panel of jurors was called through, but only eleven answered to their names. Court was, therefore, adjourned to this morning.

SPECIAL TERM.-June 19.
Before Justice WOODRUFF.
George Bliss, dc. vs. Wm. M. Bliss, dc.
Case settled.
The Bank of Beloit vs. Beale & Adams.
Motion for new trial denied, with $10 costs.

COMMON PLEAS-GENERAL TERM.
Before Justices BRADY and HILTON.-June 19.
Louis Kulbel vs. Augustus Neuss.
Judgment affirmed by default.
Augustus Thi vs. C. G. Christman.
Same oder.
Samuel McCoun vs. John W. Pennoyer.
Judgement reversed, with costs.
John J. Miller vs. The Adams Express Company.
Judgement affirmed, with costs.
James Linden vs. David Malhaus.
Judgement reversed, with costs.
Wm. C. Carpenter vs. Matthew Byrnea.
Judgement reversed, with costs.
The Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of the City of New-York vs. The Hudson River Railroad Company.
Judgement affirmed, with costs.
Franklin Henry vs. Edward Gross.
Appeal affirmed, with costs, by default.
Solomon V. Roberts vs. Frederick Bannemeyer.
Appeal affirmed, with costs, by default.
Henry Traimain vs. Michael Delmage.
Judgement affirmed, with costs.

BROOKLYN CALENDARS FOR WEDNESDAY.
CITY COURT.-48, 6, 19, 25, 49, 50, 18, 51, 52, 53, 55, 10, 4, 59, 60, 61, 63, 2, 64, 39.
SUPREME COURT.-The Equity calendar will be called.