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- Definition of juggling varies greatly - no one has come up w/ one universal [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] in 4000 years of documented juggling history. - Traditional throw and catch = only 1 version of juggling. Juggling = message that you don't have to change who you are to do it; inclusion in juggling became the primary focus Neuroscience of Juggling - It's not the action itself, it's the ability to establish sequence/rhythms and repeat them to mastery. - Diff between what you see happening and the process itself - You Have to have a force of gravity, whatever the force (doesn't matter how much), it must be constant, which creates a predictable pattern. - Infants = born w/ a sense of physics/gravity - Studied the math of juggling - Has had a lot of success with autism, they tend to like things that spin * autism and juggling have in common = both favor repitition & orbital cycles - Cascade 3-ball juggling Research study: (30-mins a day) 5% increase in gray brain mass/matter after 3 weeks of juggling training; didn't target specific area of brain, but overall, similar to learning chess, study instrument, foreign lang. affects executive functioning skills - process conflicting info in brain more efficiently Result of Study: what could be accomplished in 3 weeks of juggling training took 8-9 months learning basketball or other sport; and only in 1 region, not globally. Most important point of study: no correlation between skill level of participant and % increase of brain mass - what mattered what how much time they participated in the activity. The person w/ greatest proficiency didn't increase brain mass the most, everyone did equally. Same as effect in Yoga - Demo of table juggling exercise - synchronous & asynchronous rhythms - Juggling formula must be able to explained simply/intuitively - esp. for non-verbal populations. - Triggering of mirror neurons - mirroring what participant is doing, blurring the lines between teacher and "student" till student stops thinking about anything but juggling in the moment. ENDR therapy = tapping/walking while receiving trauma therapy and restore w/ positive messages. Cardiff University