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- Definition of juggling varies greatly - no one has come up w/ one universal [[strikethrough]] [[?]] [[/strikethrough]] in 4000 years of documented juggling history. 

- Traditional throw and catch = only 1 version of juggling.
Juggling = message that you don't have to change who you are to do it; inclusion in juggling became the primary focus

Neuroscience of Juggling
- It's not the action itself, it's the ability to establish sequence/rhythms and repeat them to mastery. 
- Diff between what you see happening and the process itself
- You Have to have a force of gravity, whatever the force (doesn't matter how much), it must be constant, which creates a predictable pattern. 
- Infants = born w/ a sense of physics/gravity
- Studied the math of juggling
- Has had a lot of success with autism, they tend to like things that spin
* autism and juggling have in common = both favor repitition & orbital cycles

- Cascade 3-ball juggling Research study: (30-mins a day) 5% increase in gray brain mass/matter after 3 weeks of juggling training; didn't target specific area of brain, but overall, similar to learning chess, study instrument, foreign lang.
affects executive functioning skills - process conflicting info in brain more efficiently 

Result of Study: what could be accomplished in 3 weeks of juggling training took 8-9 months learning basketball or other sport; and only in 1 region, not globally. 

Most important point of study: no correlation between skill level of participant and % increase of brain mass - what mattered what how much time they participated in the activity. The person w/ greatest proficiency didn't increase brain mass the most, everyone did equally. Same as effect in Yoga

- Demo of table juggling exercise - synchronous & asynchronous rhythms
- Juggling formula must be able to explained simply/intuitively - esp. for non-verbal populations. 
- Triggering of mirror neurons - mirroring what participant is doing, blurring the lines between teacher and "student" till student stops thinking about anything but juggling in the moment. 
ENDR therapy = tapping/walking while receiving trauma therapy and restore w/ positive messages. 
Cardiff University