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FREEDOMWAYS          FIRST QUARTER 1972

state based exclusively upon ethnic groupings in a notorious myth, created and perpetuated by western imperialism and its opportunist Africa supporters.  For there is no tribe in Africa numerous enough to supply the manpower needed to build a modern nation state.
  But the threat to Africa and its people cannot and must not be measured merely by the extent to which the western powers have been able to implement their policies of balkanization; for balkanization is only one means by which the western powers intend to exercise control over Africa.  There are other techniques which serve both as long range contingency plans, to be put into effect if balkanization fails, and as adjuncts to the policy of balkanization itself.
  For the most part, these techniques of control fall into two broad categories: military and non-military.  The latter may be a substitute for, or a complement to, the former, depending upon such prevailing conditions as the level of political consciousness among the masses, the strength of the resistance, the disposition of the national bour-geoisie and the military power and administrative effectiveness of a particular puppet regime.  In other words, whether or not the imperi-alist powers resort to out-and-out military conquest and domination depends upon their ability to subvert and suppress the socialist move-ment by indirect and/or non-military methods.  The U.S. in particular seems, for the time being, to have opted for an intermediate policy of indirect military rule through the provocation and sponsorship of "palace coups" and a more liberal policy towards the sale and dis-tribution of arms to America client states.  This is borne out politically by the frequency of CIA engineered coups in Africa and ideologically by the Nixon administration's emphasis on "Asianization" in Asia.
  Yet, "Asianization"-the use of Asian rather than American combat troops to defend U.S. corporate interests in Asia-has tended to in-crease rather than decrease the likelihood of direct and extensive American military involvement in African affairs.  For the troops which are withdrawn from Vietnam and other military outposts in Asia are now free to be dispatched to Africa.  What is more, whereas U.S. imperialism has, in the past, been prepared to wage "whole wars" in Asia and Europe and "half wars" in Africa, "Asianization" is a step towards the application of the "whole war" concept in Africa.
  Aside from the priority given to Asia and Europe, there is still another reason why, in the past, the United States has been able to avoid extensive deployment of military personnel in Africa.  That rea-son is that, up until World War II, the military power of Britain-whose interests have almost always paralleled those of the United

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