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16. The aquatic insects consist of dragon flies, whirligig beetles, giant water bugs, water boatmen, and a number of others. I did not find any crustacea such as shrimp, crabs, or daphnia. Very small crustacea, however, may be present, but I was without a microscope to look for them. Hofũf is a walled town built of sun baked mud. Arab sentries guard each gate but Americans are admitted on business as friends today, whereas a few years ago they were unknown. Business is transacted in the open market place where camels groan and trucks rumble on their way. Here the ancient and the modern live in apparent harmony. We made a courtesy visit to the Emir of the Province of Al Hasa. His ancient palace was lighted with electric lights, and the guards were equipped with long sabers with decorated silver scabbards and ancient muskets. The custom of centuries persist strongly in this ancient town. [[underlined]]Looking towards the future[[/underlined]]: The long term view of this survey was to encourage further development of fisheries in the Persian Gulf. From both the biological and modern fisheries point of view, the Persian Gulf is a new area for development and study. The skill and life time knowledge of Arab fishermen should be carefully integrated with some new methods and higher quality and more variety of materials for fishing gear. Efforts should be directed towards supplementing and stimulating Arab fishing in the Persian Gulf. The fish fauna of the Persian Gulf waters in the area surveyed appears to be more than adequate for immediate needs. The number of fish species are few in comparison to the Red Sea or Arabian Sea, but the large number of aquatic animals other than fish such as porpoises, jellyfish, crabs shrimp, sea snakes, cuttlefish etc. is a strong indication that there is adequate food in the water for these animals to live on. Some of the fishes, such as the tuna family, are