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Perhaps the most interesting vocal patterns were Hoarse Notes. They usually were uttered in series (sometimes very long series) which might be transcribed as "Kanh kanh kanh kanh...". They were uttered most frequently as "Greeting" patterns, whenever one bird landed beside another (presumably its mate, in all the cases I observed). These performances were very reminiscent of the series of Medium Hoarse Notes and "chah" Notes uttered by Green-backed Sparrows and Streaked Saltators in similar circumstances. Unlike the latter species, however, the Gray Saltators also uttered many Hoarse Notes during "Duets" between mated birds quite apart from "Greetings" or landing. It was not uncommon to hear an individual utter a series of Hoarse Notes while it was sitting beside its mate, after the two birds had been close together, continuously, for some minutes. In most cases, the mate responded by uttering a similar series of Hoarse Notes. Usually the responding bird began its Hoarse Notes only a few seconds after the first, and the series of the two birds overlapped very broadly. Sometimes one member of a pair would utter a few "Tut" Notes and/or Day Song notes in addition to (perhaps even instead of) Hoarse Notes during a Duet. Sometimes the members of a pair would Duet repeatedly at very short intervals. In most cases, it was impossible to identify the stimulus releasing Duetting. Duetting birds usually did not perform overt hostile movements. In one peculiar case, a known male repeatedly began to utter Day Songs while sitting close to a presumed female. Each time it did this, its partner responded by uttering a series of Hoarse Notes. As soon as this began, the male stopped its Day Song phrase and began to utter Hoarse Notes too. The Hoarse Notes obviously are very contagious. [[insert]] The Duetting of GS's is very reminiscent of BHS's (see below). [[/insert]] One apparently successful copulation attempt was observed. The female performed elaborate displays beforehand, while the male was several yards away from her. First she uttered a few single notes that were both metallic and strongly nasal. These might be transcribed by something like "Auh". Then she assu