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is abundant and the grazing good. Modern methods are used in caring for the sheep. It was lambing season while I was there. The ewes' udders were being washed (before lambing) with a disinfecting fluid to prevent a certain disease among the lambs (a serious-- usually fatal-- dysentery). At one farm there were 1500 lambs one or two days old. A sleet storm came up and the mothers tried to protect the lambs by standing over them. Ichu grass (Stipa ichu) is abundant on the hills, growing in bunches. This is not considered a good forage grass as it is coarse and wiry, but it was snipped and nibbled by the stock, mostly horses, cattle, and llamas, rather than sheep.

While at Groya I took an excursion down the eastern slope to the Colonia Perene on the Perene river. This is a coffee plantation at an altitude of 2000 feet. There are here 1600000 coffee trees.

Two grasses are grown here for green feed for the work animals on the place. One is guinea grass, called here zaina (Paniou maximum). The other is the same grass mentioned as grown by Mr. Cleveland at Teresita, Ecuador, and there called gamalote (Axonopus iridifolius). Here the name is maicillo (little maize). The wild plants were transplanted to the field.

Bolivia.

Bolivia lacks the coastal plain as it is cut off from the Pacific Ocean. The western range of the Cordillera forms the boundary between Bolivia and Chile. The eastern Cordillera passes south from Peru and bends to the eastward and then south gradually merging into the plateau which extends south into Argentina. Thus the western part of Bolivia is a great elevated plain from Lake Titicaca to Argentina, mostly 12 to 13000 feet altitude, and