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38
command by means of the winch.
Booms of sails are not bamboo but regular spars.
The rudder has the following shape and is very deep acting as a keel:
[[image: diagram of a rudder labeled "a" and tiller arm labeled "b"]]
This can be tilted in shallow water by hooking on a back stay on [[underline]] a [[/underline]] 
The upper part of the rubber post, when in straight position fits between two upright thick planks or joists and is kept in that position, while steering, by means of a rope gasket. The rudder post tilts at b. against the stern board in which there is a recess. 
[[image: diagram of two halves of the boat's stern separated by a vertical opening]]
The stern of the boat has an opening in 2 rear planks in which the stern post is held when it is put up 
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39
in service and straight.
Numerous [[underline]] batted sails [[/underline]] out give a very [[underline]] oriental aspect [[/underline]] to this otherwise modern port. Very pretty back grounds of mountains beyond the City. [[underline]] Kobe [[/underline]] looks prosperous and has many well kept business buildings, not large but seems comfortable and very suitable. [[underline]] Numerous banks, Japanese, Chinese, American British, Dutch, French [[/underline]] etc all well housed. Many [[underline]] shops well provided [[/underline]] with domestic and imported goods. I notice that the fishermen in their [[underline]] open sampan, keep a woodfire burning, unconcerned about the flames licking the sides [[/underline]] and thwarts of their boats and trying to [[underline]] catch a little touch of warmth from this [[/underline]] inefficient contrivance.