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magnesia and give off fumes of sulphuretted hydrogen. Just at the entrance the strata are nearly vertical the dip being toward Mt. Diablo and further away from the mountain the spur which bounds the valley to the south is composed of strata which dip toward the mountain at right angles to the axis of the spur from 95° to 45° degrees the dip decreasing distally. At the entrance of the cañon to the north the strata most prominent are of a compacted friable conglomerate of river pebbles with very little fine material containing occasional resistant fossils, such as the heavy shells of Ostrea. This material varies in hardness and weathers into fantastic shapes. Farther up the cañon on the right hand side