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2)

Kalgan on their long jou^[[r]]ney, often 2 and 3 together, so that if one breaks down, which is pretty often with these old and overloaded cars, the others can render first aid. On leaving Kalgan the road leads up [[underlined]] an old riverbed [[/underlined]], slowly rising ^[[for]] about 20 miles. You then come to a very high mountain pass, during the dry season it is pretty hard to get to the top, the passengers have to get off and push the car, it is therefore always better to travel on a car with plenty of passengers rather than travel on a goods truck. The more passengers there are, the more to push. If there are not enough, ^[[you]] have to go to the nearest Chinese Settlement and [[underlined]] hire ponies to pull the car [[/underlined]] to the top.
[[left margin]] Photo 6 Photo 7 [[/left margin]]

There is a [[underlined]] small Chinese temple [[/underlined]] on top of the pass, where all Chinese travellers get off to make Chin Chin Joss and to give a few coppers to the priest. Going to Outer Mongolia is a risky at the best of times and the Chinese usually go for 3 to 5 years before they can ^[[go]] home again on leave. In the Kalgan City Wall there is a small gate, in former years those officials, who were banished from China, were pushed through that gate and that meant their end more or less.

Once you are over the pass you are on the Mongolian plains, but many a chauffeur gets pneumonia in winter, pushing his truck up the pass, wet through from perspiration, and as soon as he gets to the plateau into the bitterly cold north wind, he is done for. After the Pass the roads slants for miles and then passes through cultivated fields. The next station you reach is a [[underlined]] small Chinese village [[/underlined]] called Miautan, you usually get there towards evening. When driving through the dusk on one trip I noticed a lot of little cages hung up on some high trees, which we were passing. ^[[I]] asked the chauffeur why the Chinese hung up their birdcages there at night. He explained to me that these were not birdcages, but that they were little baskets, each containing the head of a robber. To scare of the people the Chinese Officials chop of the head of each robber whom they catch, and hang them up in the trees, for every one to see. There is a small river just before you get to Miautan, which can prove very nasty. Marshall Feng Yue Hsiang had a [[underlined]] bridge built [[/underlined]] over it, but the river changed its course and now the bridge is standing in the middle of