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tion of the ancient ruins which are very numerous in the region. An excursion of very especial interest was the ascent of Jemez Mountain in company with Major Powell and others. The ascent was easy enough but the descent proved to him a disaster. It happened that his pony, which had an easy gait on ordinary roads and trails, had stiff fore legs and on the long tedious descent of the trailless mountain slopes he came down at each step with a terrible jolt which so affected the rider's spine that on reaching camp he found himself quite helpless so that he had to be carried on a litter to the distant railroad station where he was placed on the first homeward bound train. He recovered in a few weeks but has always found it necessary to avoid any severe strain affecting the spine.
  The five year period, 1889-94, was one of the most important periods of his labors in the field of science, and one of the most important in the history of American archaeological research. At the beginning of this period the theory of a paleolithic (early stone) man in America, corresponding closely in grade of culture with the paleolithic period in Europe, had been accepted without question by American students. Collectors in various sections of the country had amassed evidence that appeared to them conclusive, and Museum cases were filled with rudely chipped stones labelled "American Paleolithic Implements." Because they were rude in shape and resembled the so-called paleolithic implements of Europe, they were assigned to an antiquity of