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Tangara, Sep 2, 1958, II


Tangara species anyhow - with almost an R undertone - so that it is very difficult indeed to draw the line between harsh CN's and HCN's)

The bill is opened very wide during HCN's (and harsh CN's). Possibly emphasizing pinkish inside mouth??? Anyhow, it is obvious that these CN patterns are closely related to G. A bird often keeps its bill wide open for a few seconds after a harsh CN or HCN. Apparently as hostile motivation (both attack and escape? or possibly just attack??) declines. The G certainly does seem to be a lower intensity pattern, on the average, than the HCN and related notes. If a bird only shows one hostile pattern during a dispute, it is apparently always or almost always G. 

Aside from this G I have seen nothing in the way of ritualized postures or movements during these hostile encounters.

Tangara, I

September 19, 1958
Cerro, Punta

There are quite a few Silver Throats around Cerro Punta, and even lower down - on the way to the llanos above El Hato. The only Tangara around in most of these areas I have only seen one pair of another species, gyrola, in the woods just above the llanos). Apparently the breeding season is quite over. Almost all the birds are single or in pairs. Can confirm that this species is essentially non-gregarious

Transcription Notes:
"llauos" in Spanish means "plains" in English. <- llanos