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29

Tangara, Dec. 9, 1958, II.

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flew straight toward the visitor, and then all 5 would usually fly madly back & forth, up & down, with only very brief pauses for minutes on end,(most of this activity due to the fact that the visitor would try flying to different parts of the cage, either escaping or looking for some point of entry, while all the captives would try to follow.)

All five of the Golden-Masks uttered lots & lots of CN's during their encounters. Struck again by how much harsher their CN's are than those of the Plains. Either single or, much more frequently, long and rapidly accelerated series of harsh notes. (The actual harshness of the CN's of this species is somewhat variable - although they are all comparatively very harsh - and I am fairly sure that the harshest notes are the most strongly hostile, probably the most strongly aggressive - see below. Both the single CN's and the series of CN's were given both by flying & perched birds.

I am quite certain the these incidents were overwhelmingly hostile rather than sexual (that they were not due to gregarious tendencies is indicated, I think, by the general behavior of the golden-masks in the wild). One of the captives actually had a little pecking bout with the visitor through the mesh of the cage. And the fact that all four captives seemed to be equally excited or upset by the visitor's presence would seem to show that this was not pairing behavior (I know that I have at least one ♀ and one ♂ in the group.)

In the intervals of flying about, all five of the golden-masks did lots and lots of TF's and WF's of the usual kind. They did this when