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the United States. But it does not follow that the District Court or its Judge has authority to try and determine such questions. This rule is long since established that whatever may be the extent of Judicial power of the government its courts can can only exercise such Jurisdiction as may be conferred on them by Congress. Our argument is this that the Judicial power as defined by the Constitution does touch an Indian and hence the acts defining the Jurisdiction of the court of the United States and the Habeas Corpus act confers no Jurisdiction. The word [[underline]]person[[/underline]] in the Habeas Corpus act means citizen. That this is true will be seen by reference to the constitution of the United States. To whom did that constitution guarantee and secure rights and liberties?

     "We the [[underline]]People[[/underline]] of the United States in order to form a more perfect union, + + + + + + + + and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America"

     What is the meaning of the word people? The words people of the United States and citizens are synonymous terms and mean the same thing. They both describe the political body who according to our republican institutions, form the sovereignty, and who hold the power and conduct the government through their representatives.

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