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-32- Smithsonian Medals The Hodgkins Medal, established in 1893 in memory of Thomas George Hodgkins who willed his fortune to the Smithsonian, is awarded "for important contributions to the knowledge of the physical environment bearing upon the welfare of man." Recipients have been: James Dewar, Royal Institution, London: University of Cambridge, England, 1899 J. J. Thompson, University of Cambridge, England 1902 Sydney Chapman, University of Alaska, 1965 Marcel Nicolet, Centre Nationale de Recherche de l'Espace, Brussels, Belgium, 1965 Joseph Kaplan, University of California at Berkeley, 1965 John Grahame Douglas Clark, University of Cambridge, England, 1967 Fritz W. Went, University of Nevada Desert Research Institute, 1967 Jule Gregory Charney, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1969 Arie Haagen-Smith, California Institute of Technology, 1969 Lewis Mumford, Edinburgh University, University of Rome, 1971 Walter Orr Roberts, Harvard University, 1973 The Langley Gold Medal for Aerodromics was established by the Board of Regents in 1909 at the suggestion of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell, to honor the memory of Samuel P. Langley, third Secretary of the Institution and a famous pioneer in aeronautics. The medal is awarded for "meritorious investigations in connection with the science of aerodromics and its application to aviation." It has been awarded to: Wilbur and Orville Wright, 1909 Glenn H. Curtis, 1913 Gustave Eiffel, 1913 Charles A. Lindbergh, 1927 Charles Matthews Manly (posthumously), 1929 Richard Evelyn Byrd, 1929 Joseph S. Ames, 1935 Jerome Clarke Hunsaker, 1955 Robert H. Goddard (posthumously), 1960 Hugh Latimer Dryden, 1962 Alan B. Shepard, Jr., 1964 Wernher von Braun, 1967 Samuel Phillips, 1971 The Henry Medal, honoring Joseph Henry, first Secretary of the Smithsonian, is awarded for outstanding service to the Institution. Although never officially presented until 1967, a few medals were struck and given to Henry's friends and associates on the first anniversary of his death in 1879. Other later recipients have been: David E. Finley, 1967, first Director of the National Gallery of Art Frank A. Taylor, 1968, Smithsonian's Director General of Museums and Director, United States National Museum Charles G. Abbot, 1970, Secretary of the Smithsonian from 1928 to 1944; prior to that, Director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and founder and Director, Radiation Biology Laboratory Fred L. Whipple, 1973, Director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Edward K. Thompson, 1973, Editor of [[italics]] Smithsonian [[/italics]] magazine John Nicholas Brown, 1975, Regent of the Smithsonian Institution The Smithson Medal, the Institution's highest award, was established in 1965 in memory of the founder of the Institution. It is given in recognition of exceptional contributions to art, science, history, education, and technology. Reserved for most outstanding achievements, it has been presented twice. The first recipient was Lord Howard W. Florey, who accepted it on behalf of the Royal Society of London, of which he was then president. The second award was made to Edgar P. Richardson in 1968, former Director of the Detroit Institute of Arts and Winterthur Museum, and chairman of the Smithsonian Art Commission.
