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On the highest area overlooking the Chateau Frontenac and the lower town is the great English fortress called the Citadel, built between 1823 and 1832 and covering some 40 acres.  Near the Citadel is the Plains of Abraham, which is the area where the great battle took place in 1759 between the French under Marquis de Montcalm and the British under General James Wolfe, which was won by the British and marked the end of French power in Canada.  Both Montcalm and Wolfe were mortally wounded in the battle and died soon afterward. Because of this great victory, a statue of Wolfe was placed in Westminster Abbey and a photograph of it which we took in 1967 is below:

[[image - Monument to Major-General James Wolfe, Westminster Abbey]]

We took a tour of the Citadel and the Plains of Abraham.  At the latter, our guide, who was obviously very French indeed, described Wolfe's victory over Montcalm and concluded his account with the comment "-- and that is why I am English instead of French." At the Plains of Abraham there is a plaque saying: "HERE DIED WOLFE--VICTORIOUS."  And it affected me about the same way that Champlain's statue did, particularly because Wolfe has long been one of my very special heroes in English history.  This will be covered further in the following.