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This "thesis" as given by the reviewer differs from the purpose of the paper as set forth by Prof. Fillmore.  He states the two fold object of his article to be; (p. 229 of his pamphlet) "an examination of the essential structure of Indian melodies and a careful comparison of them with our own folk melodies with reference to the intervals out of which they are made."  He says; (p. 300, 301) "I assume that the forms taken on by primitive melodies are no more accidental than are any other natural products, mental or otherwise.  Vocal music, of course, preceded all instrumental music by an immeasureable interval.  When vocal music is made spontaniously, without reference to any theory, it must follow the lines of least resistance, must obey the general law of all activity, physical and mental.  The questions to be determined, then, in studying the structure of primitive songs, are such as these: What direction does the voice take when primitive man expresses his feelings in song?  Is that direction the same for all races of men, or are there different laws which govern the kind of intervals used by different races?"

Prof. Fillmore then procedes to give examples showing the "pitch-relation" used in song-making among the tribes of North America.  These examples begin with the simplest and proceed to the most complex. All these relations he finds to be "as plainly diatonic and harmonic as our own." (p. 308)  He next takes up folk-songs from the Pacific Islands, Australia, and Africa, and also from Japan and Arabia, and he finds the tonality the same.  From these studies of purely vocal music he traces the process by which the song-makers developed a series of tones, similar to those which occur in our diatonic scale, and concludes, (p. 315) that, "In all this process it would seem that a natural perception of the harmonic relations of tones is the shaping, determining factor." He adds in the following sentence, "It seems clear, also, that this natural perception is the same for all races of men, depending on the physical

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