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warrant an advance. No one knew exact numbers.  Four million men in the field and 3 million in reserve a likely estimate.

A proclamation was issued to the Poles pledges herself to restore to Poland her lands & liberties, her religion & natural tongue was a master stroke of policy. It meant that Germany & Austria must not only be beaten but conquered. After a slight hesitation the people of Poland accepted it with enthusiasm and hereafter vied with the Russians themselves in helping the war. The appeal was addressed to Polish subjects of the Kaiser & Emperor Francis Josef and was an invitation to revolt. Only in Austria did a Polish regiment dare meeting, every man was shot down. The Proclamation was received with approbation by the entire world.

Russia has many advantages to carry on war on a grand scale. Britain is dependent on the ^[[control of the]] sea for her food and trade, France & Germany more or less depend on supplies from the outer world. Russia is self-contained. Fortresses have been started along the north western frontier, also railroads and military roads but they are not finished. Germany has strengthened her ^[[eastern]] frontier.  Not complete but of more practical service than those on the Russian side. Cracaw, Przemysl & Lemberg are the only fortresses in Galicia and they are faced by fortresses of about equal strength on the Russian side. Inhabitants of Galicia