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primarily interested in the development of the means at hand, or at best the adoption of auxiliary means to improve them.
                                  
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industrial competition
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It is common knowledge that this is true in civil pursuits and certainly if such a condition can exist where a man's well being and means of livelihood are involved, it is readily understandable in the military profession. The development and adoption of new methods, means and weapons for National Defense to their full extent hardly ever takes place in time of peace, but has nearly always been the result of competitive pressure, usually through warfare. As a consequence, broadly speaking, every war begins where the last stopped, using practically the same weapons and tactics, and the initial advantage lost which would accrue to that nation sufficiently far seeing to grasp the opportunity to fully develop new means and methods in time of peace. While the real test of new weapons or means of offense and defense must take place in actual war, nevertheless, their value through proper tests can be determined in time of peace.

Any nation that enters into war is naturally desirous of securing victory and peace in the shortest possible time and with a minimum loss of its man-power and disruption of its economic life. This objective can only be attained by so employing the armed forces of the nation as to subdue the enemy's will to resist. Prior to the advent of aircraft in war, the method used in attaining this objective was usually by an attempt to invade and occupy the enemy's country where those places and localities most vital to the security of the nation could be seized and occupied and the population made to feel the brunt of war.



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