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northern passes long before the dawn of history and were well established by 2000 B.C. The original inhabitants were held as subjects by the Aryans and still are. 

3. Gradually the Aryans extended their Hindoo religion all over India, the countries around it, and far out into the islands. With this conquest went their caste system, and absolute autocratic government, and a system of enforced labor among the people. The vast territories conquered by the Hindoos were organized into many states and principalities and great development in every line took place with attendant complications of their governmental, social, and religious system. The great upheaval caused by Mohammedan development had a tremendous effect on India. Gradually, these people poured through the northern passes, conquered the upper part of the Indian peninsula and extended their system. This contest between the Moslems and Hindoos continued until the British extended their dominion over all. At the present time there are about seventy million Mohammedans, two hundred and twenty million Hindoos, and the rest are of all the religions of the world. Differences in 

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