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troops that could be assembled in any one place would certainly not exceed one hundred thousand men.  This force could not be manoeuvred and fought according to the modern system.

7.  Their air power amounts to nothing so far as offense is concerned.  The total number of aircraft, all of foreign manufacture, is about two hundred with no reserve of materiel of any kind.  While the Chinese make pretty good pilots, the spirit of nationality in them is not strong enough to form a good pursuit aviation where heavy losses must be expected.  Their mechanics are excellent, careful, and painstaking, and capable of a great deal of work.  They could be employed to great advantage as auxiliaries.  China lends itself particularly to the development of commercial aviation which certainily will come in time.  At present her whole air organization is very rudimentary.  The idea of the Chinese is to form a reserve of pilots and mechanics that will be capable of carrying on Chinese aviation when the time comes for them to assert themselves as a great power.  (See appendix No.  for the number and location of airplanes now in China.)

8.  There are three principal leaders and many subordinate ones in the whole of China.

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