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projectile at a distance of some miles from its target without passing over it; and, last, the drop bomb, which requires that the aircraft employing them pass over the target.

There is no adequate defense against air attack except an air force. This can be supplemented by auxiliaries on the ground, such as cannon, machine guns, and balloon barrages, but without air power these arrangements act only to give a false sense of security, such as the ostrich must feel when he hides his head in the sand. Our air force in the European war lost less than one-tenth of one percent from ground anti-aircraft defenses of all kinds. Furthermore, when desired, ground defenses can be neutralized easily, particularly if attempting to act independently and not attached to the air force.

I believe, therefore, that should Japan decide upon the reduction and seizure of the Hawaiian islands, the following procedure would be adopted. Ten submarines would be loaded with six pursuit airplanes and spares each, the airplane crates being made in two segments so that each one could be used as a barge when emptied of its cargo. These crates would be carried as deck loads, the boats would dive only for concealment. Two

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