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[[caption]] Edward W. Brooke (left) presents Spingarn Medal to Dr. Benjamin E. Mays. [[/caption]]

mission's abolition on the grounds that he believed it had a "bias in choosing issues to be investigated on (because of) its shoddy scholarship." The President moved quickly to replace the chairman and vice-chairman of the six-member U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, two men who were diligent and independent in their efforts to protect and defend the civil rights of non-white people.

At the Justice Department, the Attorney General and Solicitor General openly questioned busing and affirmative remedies to racial discrimination, remedies which the U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly upheld as constitutionally proper.

The climate against pupil transportation was so deafening that Senator Lowell Weicker had to engage in a one-man filibuster over a ten-month period trying to stave off an anti-busing measure in the Senate—a measure the Attorney General of the United States had advised the House Judiciary Committee Chairman would be "constitutional" if passed.

Because of the policy reversal on the part of the U.S. Government respecting tax-exemptions for schools which discriminate on grounds of race, the U.S. Supreme Court had to take the extraordinary step of appointing a private attorney to stand in the place of the government to argue the case upholding IRS' authority to deny 501(c)(3) status tax exemptions to discriminatory schools.

The tax enforcement posture of the U.S. Government was also reflected in a letter from Education Secretary Terrell Bell (April, 1981) to U.S. Senator Paul Laxalt, a political ally of the President, seeking the Senator's "support for Bell's efforts to decrease the undue harassment of schools and colleges...It seems that we have some laws we should not have and my obligation to enforce them is against my own philosophy."

"The laws that Secretary Bell would rather not have include Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which empowers the Federal Government to withhold funds from schools that segregate or discriminate on the basis of race..., commented Althea Simmons, our Washington Bureau Director.

I would add it seems we have some people in high office we should not have there and it is the obligation of the NAACP to get them out.

HOOKS ANNOUNCES IN LOS ANGELES NAACP WILL TARGET STUDIOS, NETWORKS

LOS ANGELES, August 4—NAACP Executive Director Benjamin L. Hooks announced that the NAACP will target a specific studio for direct action to advance the civil rights organization's fair share campaign throughout the movie industry.

He told reporters at a news conference in Los Angeles that the decision to adopt this strategy was reached after the NAACP's movie task force had conducted some 36 discussions with industry representatives and leaders with varying but inconclusive results.

Mr. Hook's statement on the fair share program involving movie studios was supported by a resolution which was adopted by the recent NAACP convention in Boston. That resolution directed that "the National Executive Director be directed to develop and implement with all deliberate speed a selective patronage campaign for NAACP units aimed at those motion pictures which have excluded blacks from reasonable participation in front of and behind the camera."

Mr. Hooks told reporters that the NAACP will go after one studio at a time because such a goal is finite, reachable and feasible.

Mr. Hooks ruled out an immediate boycott of individual movies, preferring to try other means first. But it was evident that the NAACP would fall back on this approach if negotiations, legal action and other forms of protests and direct action campaigns resulted in little or no gains.

The NAACP is seeking employment opportunities for blacks at all levels, both before and behind the camera in the movie industry.

In a related announcement, Mr. Hooks said that the NAACP will also target the television networks in its fair share campaign. The networks, he explained, have a direct impact on the casting and content of

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