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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
Troy Weight
24 grains — 1 pwt. | 12 ounces - 1 pound
20 pwt. — 1 ounce
Used for weighing gold, silver and jewels

Apothercaries’ Weight
20 grains - 1 scruple | 8 drams - 1 ounce
3 scruples - 1 dram | 12 ounces - 1 pound
The ounce and pound in this are the same as in Troy weight.

Avoirdupois Weight
27 11/32 grs. — 1 dram | 4 quarter - 1 cwt.
16 drams — 1 ounce | 2000 lb. - 1 short ton
16 ounces — 1 pound | 2240 lb. - 1 long ton
25 pounds — 1 quarter

Dry Measure
2 pints — 1 quart | 4 pecks - 1 bushel
8 quarts — 1 peck | 36 bushels - 1 chaldron

Liquid Measure
4 gills — 1 pint | 31 1/2 gallons - 1 barrel
2 pints — 1 quart | 2 barrels - 1 hogshead
4 quarts - 1 gallon

Mariners' Measure
6 feet - 1 fathom | 5,280 ft. - 1 stat. mile
120 fathoms - 1 cable | 6,085 ft. - 1 naut. mile length
7 1/2 cable lengths - 1 mile

Square Measure
144 sq. in. - 1 sq. ft. | 40 sq. rods - 1 rood
9 sq. ft. - 1 sq. yd. | 4 roods - 1 acre
30 1/4 sq. yds. - 1 sq. rod | 640 acres - 1 sq. mile

Cubic Measure
1,728 cu. in. - 1 cu. ft. | 128 cu. ft. - 1 cord (wood)
27 cu. ft. - 1 cu. yd. | 46 cu. ft. - 1 ton (shpg.)
2,150.42 cubic inches - 1 standard bushel
231 cubic inches - 1 standard gallon
1 cubic foot - about four fifths of a bushel

Long measure
12 inches - 1 foot | 40 rods - 1 furlong
3 feed - 1 yard | 8 furlongs - 1 stat. mile
5 1/2 yards - 1 rod | 3 miles - 1 league