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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION   1273

in cooperation with the U. S. Public Health Service in Pensylvania and New York, and with the Army Medical Center, Department of National Defense, in Labrador and Newfoundland. The investigations are concerned with search for possible carriers of diseases that may effect man.

The oldest human remains yet found in the New World, discovered by a party from the National Museum of Mexico at Tepexpan, in the Valley of Mexico, were brought to our National Museum during the summer for study and restoration. The find has been dated between 10,000 to 15,000 B.C. It is interesting to note that the skull is typically that of an American Indian.

During the late summer and early fall, John C. Ewers, Associate Curator, Division of Ethnology, worked three months with the older Indians on the Blackfoot, Flathead, and Pine Ridge Reservations gathering data on the horse and its relation to the culture of the Plains Indians. Much important historical data was obtained. It will be recalled that the horse was introduced among these Indians around 1730 and that its arrival changed a rather sedentary people, dependent for transport on what they could carry individually and on dogs, to a highly mobile group that could move easily and for long distances using the horse.

Paleontological work under the income of the Walcott Fund included field studies on vertebrates in New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming, by C. L. Gazin and D. H. Dunkle, resulting in important series of specimens.

In invertebrate paleontology, G. A. Cooper and A. R. Loeblich, Jr., collected extensively in a number of localities between Oklahoma and Arizona, and also in Tennessee and Virginia.

A.W.