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[[back cover]] Useful Information MULTIPLICATION TABLE. [[12 columned table]] | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 24 | | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 36 | | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 | | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 | | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 30 | 36 | 42 | 48 | 54 | 60 | 66 | 72 | | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 | 49 | 56 | 63 | 70 | 77 | 84 | | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 48 | 56 | 64 | 72 | 80 | 88 | 96 | | 9 | 18 | 27 | 36 | 45 | 54 | 63 | 72 | 81 | 90 | 99 | 108 | | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | | 11 | 22 | 33 | 44 | 55 | 66 | 77 | 88 | 99 | 110 | 121 | 132 | | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 | 96 | 108 | 120 | 132 | 144 | Weights and Rules Weights, measures, etc., in this collection are approximate. Atmospheric pressure at sea level equals 14.7 pounds per square inch, also equals 33.94 feet head of water. 1 cu. ft. of water weighs 62.4 lbs. 12.4 cu. ft. of air weighs 1 lb. 1 barrel contains 31 1/2 gallons; kerosene barrel 50 gallons. 1 cu. ft. contains 7.48 gallons. 1 gal. of water weighs about 8 1/3 lbs. 1 pint of water weighs about 1 lb. 1 cu. ft. concrete weighs 144 lbs. 1 cu. ft. sand weighs 90 to 110 lbs. Broken stone weighs from 90 to 110 lbs. per cu. ft. 17 cu. ft. of clay weighs about 1 ton. 18 cu. ft. of gravel in bank weighs about 1 ton. 27 cu. ft. of gravel(dry)weighs 1 ton. Lime weighs 75 lbs. per bushel. Doubling the diameter of a pipe increases its capacity four times Pressure in pounds per square inch of a column of water equals the height of the column in feet multiplied by .434. Steam rising from water at its boiling point (212 degrees} has a pressure equal to the atmosphere. Avoirdupols Weight. 16 drams (dr.) make 1 oz. 16 ounces (oz.) make 1 lb. 100 pounds (lbs.) make 1 cwt. 20 hundred weights make 1 ton. Apothecaries' Weight. 20 grains make 1 scruple. 8 scruples make 1 dram. 8 drams make 1 ounce. 12 ounces make 1 pound. Troy Weight. 24 grains (gr.) make 1 pwt. 20 pennyweights make 1 ounce. 12 ounces make 1 pound. Long Measure. 12 inches make 1 foot. 3 feet make 1 yard. 6 feet make 1 fathom. 5 1/2 yards make 1 pole or rod. 40 poles make 1 furlong. 8 furlongs make 1 mile. 69 1-6 miles make 1 degree. 320 rods make 1 mile. Square Measure. 144 sq. inches make 1 sq foot. 9 sq feet make 1 sq. yard. 30 1/4 sq. yards make 1 sq. pole. 40 sq. poles, make 1 rood. 4 roods make 1 acre. 640 acres make 1 sq. mile. Solid or Cubic Measure. 1728 cu. inch. make 1 cu. foot. 27 cu. feet make 1 cu. yard. 128 cu. feet make 1 cord wood. 24 3/4 cu. feet make 1 perch stone NOTE - A cord of wood is a pile 8 feet long, 4 feet wide and 4 feet high Therefore 8x4x4 - 128. A perch of stone or bricks is 16 1/2 feet long, 1 1/2 feet wide and 1 foot high. Dry Measure. 2 pints (pt.) make 1 quart. 8 quarts (qt.) make 1 peck. 4 pecks (pk.) make 1 bushel. 36 bushels (bu.) make 1 chaldron. Liquid Measure. 4 gills make 1 pint. 2 pints make 1 quart. 4 quarts make 1 gallon. 31 1/2 gallons make 1 barrel. 2 bbl. or 63 gal. make 1 hogshead. (hhd.) Paper Measure. 24 sheets (sh.) make 1 quire. 20 quires (qr.) make 1 ream. 10 reams (r.) make 1 bale. Miscellaneous Denominations 12 units make 1 dozen. 12 dozen make 1 gross. 12 gross make 1 gr. gross. 20 units make 1 score. 56 pounds make 1 firkin of butter. 100 pounds make 1 quintal of dried salt fish. 100 pounds make 1 cask of raisins. 196 pounds make 1 barrel of flour. 200 pounds make 1 barrel of beef, pork, or fish. 280 pounds make 1 barrel of salt at the N.Y. State Salt Works. 32 pounds make 1 bushel of oats. 48 pounds make 1 bushel of barley. 56 pounds make 1 bushel of corn or rye. 60 pounds make 1 bushel of wheat. A score is 20. A hand is 4 inches. A fathom is 6 feet. A knot is 6086 feet. 3 knots 1 league.
