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[[Image]] Chapter 5: Geography for KidSat Objective: To provide a basic understanding of world maps, and how to specify a location in terms of latitude and longitude. This chapter provides a brief introduction to geography. It is important for your students to have a basic understanding of the Earth's surface, be able to use a map the select interesting sites, and be able to specify their locations in terms of latitude and longitude. Essentials: • Latitude lines circle the Earth in a east-west direction. - The equator is at 0 degrees latitude, and separates the Earth into north and south latitudes. - Latitude measures how far north or south a point on the Earth lies from the equator. - Locations north of the equator have latitudes between 0 degrees and 90 degrees N (at the North Pole). - Locations south of the equator have latitudes between 0 degrees and 90 degrees S (at the South Pole). • Longitude lines circle the Earth in a north-south direction. - The Prime Meridian, the line of longitude that passes through Greenwich, England, is 0 degrees longitude. - Longitude measures how far east or west a point on the Earth lies from the Prime Meridian. - Locations east of the Prime Meridian have longitudes between 0 degrees and 180 degrees E. - Locations west of the Prime Meridian have longitudes between 0 degrees and 180 degrees W. Teachers' Handbook Page 39