Viewing page 94 of 468

This transcription has been completed. Contact us with corrections.

The Weather
Today— Increasing cloudiness, with high about 45, Sunday— Rain or snow and rather cold. Yesterday — High, 52 , at 11:45 a.m.; low, 37, at 6:54 a. m. (Details on Page B-9.)

The Washington Post FINAL Phone NA. 4200

No. 26,483 Copyright, 1948 By The Washington Post Company.
Entered as Second Class Matter, Postoffice, Washington, D.C.

WASHINGTON: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 18, 1948
CARRIER {Daily and Sunday $1.35 City Zone $1.50 Elsewhere
DELIVERY {Daily Only .90 " " 0.9 "
PER MONTH {Sunday Only 0.45 " " 0.65 "

SINGLE| Daily .05
COPY } Sunday (city zone) .10
PRICE | Sunday (elsewhere) .15

40-Hr. Week, Raise Asked for Million Rail Workers
Truman Board's Proposal Will Bar Strike of Clerks, Yardmen 30 Days
By The Associated Press

A White House emergency board yesterday recommended cutting the present 48-hour work week for a million rail workers to a 40-hour week effective next September. The board called for an immediate 7-cent hourly wage boost, dating back to October 1, 1948, with another 20 per cent pay rate increase next September to give workers the same money for the shorter work week.
The recommendations apply to the railroads' nonoperating employes, those who do not run the trains but service and maintain them. The board calculated 1949 costs of both the pay raise and the shorter work week at $340,000,000, but forecast the cost will dwindle with passage of years.
Average Pay About $60
The nonoperating rail workers now earn, on the average, about $60 for their 48-hour week. The 7-cent increase would give them about $63 for the same work week. Then, if the 40-hour week is adopted next September, they would get approximately the same $63 for the shorter week.
In Anticipation of higher labor costs the carriers had asked the Interstate Commerce Commission in advance to boost rail rates 13 per cent, or about one billion dollars a year.
The emergency board's recommendations are binding on neither the carriers nor the unions. But such recommendations made by presidentially appointed boards, functioning under terms of the Railway Labor Act, usually have been the basis of dispute settlements in the past.
January 17 Strike Possible
Under the law the unions must consider the recommendations without going on strike for a 30-day period. G. E. Leighly, chairman of the unions' negotiating committee, indicated there is the possibility of a strike January 17 if the carriers reject the board recommendations.
There was no immediate comment from the carriers. The unions expressed "disappointment" that the board had deferred the 40-hour week until the next fall and granted only a 7-cent pay boost. But George M. Harrison, head of the largest union, the railway clerks, said:
The recommendations are a good basis for negotiations for settlement of dispute."
The unions announced they will study the broad recommendations at a meeting in Chicago Monday and Tuesday and probably will request a negotiating session with the carriers in Chicago the first week in January.
"We will negotiate with them even if they reject the report," Leighly told a reporter. "The 48-for-40 was the 'must' of our program. We have got to have that for settlement."
The nonoperating unions had
See RAIL, Page 9, Column 5.

Brazilian Floods Take 400 Lives; Hundreds Missing
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Dec, 17 (AP),—Torrential floods were sweeping over a wide area of two Brazilian states were estimated today to have taken more than 400 lives. Hundreds of other persons were missing and thousands were homeless.
The end of the disaster still was not in sight. Rain still was falling. The flood crest had passed some communities on the upper Pirapetinga River, however.
Communications and transport were disrupted over an area of about 1200 square miles of rich farming and cattle country, in the southeastern part of Minas Gerais State and the northern part of Rio de Paneiro State.

[image of car lot with sign, "NEED A GOOD CAR?"]
Watch The Post Want Ads!
You'll find today's best used car values in The Post's classified section. Leading dealers in the city and suburban area, as well as many individuals, list their offerings in those columns. Get savings and selection —when you start to shop for a good used car check Classification 96 in the Washington Post's want ad section.

The 'Kitty Hawk' Is 'Back On the Beam'
[image of the Wright brother's famed Kitty Hawk with hundreds of spectators observing it]
A PLACE OF HONOR ABOVE THE CROWD — Beneath the fabric wings of the Wright Brother's famed Kitty Hawk— the first airplane to carry man aloft in sustained flight— spectators listen to ceremonies in which the Government officially accepted the plane yesterday at the Smithsonian Institution. The tiny pusher plane, which the Wright's called the Flyer, hangs in front of Charles A. Lindbergh's Spirit of St. Louis, first nonstop plane from New, York to Paris

Georgia Plans Law to Block Negro Voting
Assemblymen Discuss Educational Basis For New Registration
Atlanta, Dec. 17 (AP).— Gov. Herman Talmadge and his legislative leaders came out today with a "white supremacy" program frankly aimed at barring 80 per sent of Georgia Negroes from voting.
Hardly a ripple of opposition was apparent as the plan was outlined at an informal conference of 75 legislators. The program is being drafted for a regular meeting of the Georgia General Assembly January 10.
The core of the plan is to wipe all present voters' registration lists off books. Then a complete new State-wide registration would be undertaken with emphasis on "educational qualification" of voters.
House Speaker Fred Hand, who will steer the measure in the Legislature for Talmadge, told lawmakers today:
" A good educational qualification will cut out 80 per cent of this ignorant bloc vote in Georgia. I like to think of it that way instead of going in to this color angle.
"Under this plan it will no longer be a menace. It will fix things where we can handle it."
Hand reminded the assemblymen that 46 Georgia Counties have more Negores than whites, and Negroes from 25 per cent of the population in 114 of the State's 159 counties.
"You might not think 25 per cent is so bad," he said, "but look at the voting returns and see how much you won by."
Hand said the Georgia plan would be similar to the "Boswell amendment" in Alabama, which requires prospective voters to interpret the constitution to the satisfaction of registrars. Alabama political leaders said it was aimed at Negro voting.

Gen. MacNider's Son Hurt
Norton, KAs., Dec. 17 (AP) — Angus Macnider, 20, son of Brig. Gen. Hanford Macnider, Mason City, Iowa, suffered a spinal injury and head cuts in a motor car accident near here last night.

Planes 3 Times Speedier than Sound Forecast
Know-How Learned from 1st Supersonic Craft, Builder Says
By John G. Norris
Post Reporter
The maker of the first airplane to fly faster than sound said last night that man-carrying aircraft can be built to travel two to three times that fast.
Lawrence D. Bell, president of Bell Aircraft Corp., builder of the X-1, told 700 of the Nation's aviation leaders that know-how learned from the craft makes such speeds possible. It would mean speeds of from 1300 to 2200 mph.
Bell spoke to the Aero Club of Washington's annual Wright brothers memorial dinner at the Statler, commemorating the anniversary of the Wright's first flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C., 45 years ago today.
Earlier in the day, Bell, Joh Stack, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics scientist, and Capt. Charles Yeager, USAF, were presented the Collier Award by President Truman for their work on the X-1. Stack designed and Yeager test-flew the plane which "first achieved human flight faster than sound."
Two other aviation trophies were presented at last night's dinner. The newly established Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy was awarded to Dr. William Frederick Durand, 89, dean of America's aviation engineers.

Wins Brewer Award
John Victory, executive secretary of NACA, accepted the trophy for Dr. Durand, who lives at Stanford, Calif.
The annual Frank G. Brewer award was awarded to Philip S. Hopkins of Link Aviation, for "timely achievement in the field of air youth education."
Bell disclosed some of the problems oversome in "crashing the sound barrier." New-type instruments and fuel systems had to be designed, he said, while drop-flights of the X-1 from the belly of a B-29 were used to give the pilot a chance to determine its
See AERO, Page 4, Column 3.

Can't See 'Kids Suffer'
Blood Donor Today Will Give Skin Patches to Burned Boy
George Becraft, 31, and a hardy beer salesman, is set to give up two large patches of his skin today to spunky Michael Rector, critically burned boy at Casualty Hospital.
"I just can't stand seeing kids suffer," he explained. "I like the boy, and I like his spunk. He's my kind."
Becraft understands the skin-tacking, in which two 4-by-8-inch patches will be peeled from his inner thighs, will be unpleasant. "That I can take," he said last night as he prepared to leave his home at 209 20th st. ne., to spend the night at the hospital.
Michael, who will be 4 next Thursday, suffered severe burns over 70 per cent of his body on November 12. Doctors didn't expect him to live more than several hours.
Since then, numerous offers were received at the hospital by outsiders willing to give their skin freely, but Becraft's was the first accepted. Surge has already have taken what they dared from the boy's father, Everett, a garage mechanic.
The father, who risked his job and gave up the family income to remain constantly with his boy, sacrificed 4-by-8-inch patches of skin from the abdomen, inner thighs, and backs of his legs.
In explaining why he made the offer, Becraft said, "I used to see the older boys toss him around pretty rough like, but he always came up smiling. My wife and I often said we'd like to have a boy like him in our home."
The Becrafts have no children. A salesman for the Valley Forge Beer Co., Becraft said he became acquainted with Michael about a year ago on frequent visits to his wife's mother, Mrs. Sally Allen, who lives directly across the street from the Rectors.
"About every time I saw him, we'd talk, and I'd ask him if he
See RECTOR, Page 4, Column 5.

Wright Plane Is Welcomed In Ceremony at Smithsonian
By V.R. Montanari
Post Reporter
The clumsy, frail, 605-pound, heavier-than-air craft which first pulled man into the air was welcomed home here yesterday.
The Wright brother's Kitty Hawk, which made the first free, controlled and sustained flight with an engine, was formally accepted for the United States in a ceremony at the Smithsonian Institution.
It was 45 years to the hour after Wilbur and Orville Wright took off in the strange contraption from the sands of Kitty Hawk, N.C., that they were hailed by public figures from President Truman and Chief Justice Vinson down as the first conquerors of the air.
Two B-36s—the world's largest bombers—18 B-29 Superfortresses and a score of F-80 jet Shooting Stars, thundered over their tiny forbear, as the program ended in a formidable Air Force display.
Message from Arnold
They added weight to the words of Gen. H. H. Arnold, wartime chief of the Airforce, who said in a message read at the ceremony:
"Our country has been led through one historical step after another, without seeking it, to a position of world leadership. Air power is chiefly responsible."
A message from the President read to the 800 officials and invited guests assembled at the Arts and Industries Building where the Kitty Hawk now hangs in the place of honor, said the historic airplane's return "will quicken in all hearts an appreciation of the achievements of American inventive genius."
Chief Justice Vinson, chancellor of the Smithsonian, presided at the ceremony and accepted title to the prized aircraft from Milton Wright of Dayton, Ohio, nephew of the plane's inventors and representative of their estate.
Air Pioneers Present
Several other relatives of the Wright brothers, men and women who were identified with the earliest phases of flying in this country and a few who learned to fly in Wright planes, were with the Government and military officials in the audience to see the honored plane come into its own.
Conspicuous in the hall were a score of the blue and white checked caps of the "Early Birds," pioneer airmen and airwomen. Among them was Mrs. Alys McKey Bryant of California, who said she "got some junk together from a wreck in 1912 and flew it,"
Sitting under the Kitty Hawk and Charles Lindbergh's Spirit of
See WRIGHT, Page 4, Column 1.

Hero's Reward...
[Image of toddler girl, Lois Cottrell, kissing a little boy, Joe York, on the cheek, while sitting on his lap]
HE SAVED HER LIFE— Two-year-old Lois Cottrell, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Julian Cottrell, 3997 East Capitol st., plants a kiss firmly on the cheek of her hero— 5-year-old Joe York, son of Mr. and Mrs. Tracy York, 3987 East Capitol st. Joe pulled Lois from a 4-foot-deep- pool of stagnant water in what was formerly storage basements in National Capital Housing Project homes. (Story on Page 10)
Texts of Seven More Papers Are Released
(Inventory of documents, Page 7)
By Ferdinand Kuhn, Jr.
Post reporter
Another State Department cable on secret Anglo-American naval talks in 1938, found in Whittaker Chamber's possession, was among the seven released last night by the House Un-American Activities Committee.
Marked "strictly confidential" for Secretary Hull, the cable told of the plans of Admiral Lord Chatfield, then First Sea Lord of the Admiralty, to lay down a 39,000-ton battleship in the coming year's British naval building program.
The British and Americans had decided to build bigger ships in view of Japanese naval building above the limits set in the 1936 London naval treaty, and were having secret talks on the subject in London.
The newly released cable on naval building was the third on the subject so far released from the documents produced by Chambers in the Alger Hiss libel action in Baltimore. The message published last night was dated March 3, and Thursday it issued still another dated March 29, 1938.
Yesterday's batch also contained the text of a long aide-memoire, or memorandum, handed by Under-secretary Summer Welles to German Ambassador Hans H. Dieckhoff on July 21, 1937. Dieckhoff had protested that American "interference" was hammering German negotiations for a barter agreement in Brazil
Welles denied any interference,
See PAPERS, Page 7, Column 3.

Glider Snatch Rescue of 9 on Icecap Fails
Craft Is Undamaged In 2 Attempts; New Effort Slated Today
The Air Force announced last night that a C-54 transport failed in two attempts Friday to snatch up a glider carrying some of the airmen marooned atop a 7700-foot Greenland icecap.
The rescue attempts failed, the Air Force said, when the wheels of the glider broke through the frozen crust of snow and the glider "nosed up."
The glider was not damaged and none of the men aboard was injured. A new rescue try probably will be made today.
An Air Force spokesman said at least 10 men and "possibly" 11 now are stranded on the icecap. He said the type of glider dropped at the rescue normally carries a pilot and one helper to set up the "snatching equipment."
Weather May Delay Rescue
Seven of the men have been marooned since December 9 when a C-47 transport crash-landed on the icecap. Two others were marooned December 13 when their B-17 cracked up during a rescue attempt.
The spokesman said the weather will decide whether a new attempt to rescue the airmen is made. He said a "weather front" is moving in on the area and that it is uncertain when it will hit.
An attempt probably will be made to lay a short plywood runway which would permit the glider to take off without digging in the snow.
If that doesn't work, the wheels of the glider will be removed permitting the fuselage to run across the snow like a sled.
Doctor on Icecap
The idea was for the C-54 to snatch it into the air by means of a special tow rope hung between two uprights and tow it back to civilization.
At last reports the Air Force said, the stranded airmen were in good health and their morale was high. There is a doctor with them. The scene is about 110 miles
See RESCUE, Page 4, Column 6.

Defenders Pull Headquarters Near Nanking
Only 30 Miles Away; Peace Rumors Die for Want of Confirmation
Nanking, Dec. 17 (AP).—Defense headquarters on the ragged front before Nanking pulled back today to a point only 30 miles northwest of this Communist-threatened Chinese capital.
The 76-mile withdrawal from Pengpu to Chuhsien indicated a worsening government position, although there were few fresh developments on the battlefields.
In the north there was desultory fighting around Communist-surrounded Peiping, but a waiting calm continued inside the ancient city walls.
On the political scene, rumors of peace negotiations subsided somewhat in the absence of confirmation of any of them.
Pengpu Residents Flee
Removal of Gen. Liu Tze's headquarters from Pengpu was reported by Seymour Topping, AP staff correspondent in Pengpu.
Topping said advance echelons of the headquarters pulled out Thursday night. They informed railway officials that only part of the headquarters was moving.
Removal of telephone wires and heavy truck traffic, however, indicated a large-scale move. Panicky residents of Pengpu piled on top of the southbound trains to go along with the military.
At the same time, Topping reported elements of the fresh Twentieth Army were arriving in Pengpu, indicating that the fighting front was not being abandoned.
The Twentieth, from Hankow, has been estimated to total about 14,000 men. It moved up to relieve troops of the battle-worn Sixth Army group.
Army Believed Wiped Out
The Sixth, originally estimated at about 40,000 men, has fought unsuccessfully for more than two weeks to rescue the Twelfth Army group, trapped by the Communists some 40 miles northwest of Pengpu.
The government announced Thursday that the Twelfth had broken out and reached govern-
See CHINA, Page 3, Column 3.
Seeks S71,550 Back Pay
'Hollywood 10' Writer Wins Suit to Be Reinstated in Job
Los Angeles, Dec. 17 (AP). —A Federal Court jury decided tonight in favor of Film Writer Lester Cole in his suit for reinstatement in his $1350-a-week job at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios.
He sued also for $71,550 salary since his suspension a year ago, shortly after he and nnie other Hollywood figures were held in contempt of Congress.
They had refused to answer whether or not they were Communists in a hearing before the House Committee on Un-American Activities.
United States Judge Leon R. Yankwich will rule Monday on terms of judgement to be rendered in the suit.
He told the jury before its retirement for four hours deliberation that it must answer yes or no to four questions of fact. It answered the first three in the negative and the fourth in the affirmative.
The questions were:
1. Did Cole's action before the committee "bring himself or tend to bring himself into public hatred, contempt, scorn or ridicule?"
2. Did Cole by his conduct before the committee tend to shock, insult or offend the community?
3. Did Cole, by his statements and conduct before the committee, prejudice MGM or the motion picture industry generally?
4. Did MGM by its conduct towards Cole after the Washington hearing waive the right to suspend him?
Yankwich amplified the last question by telling the jurors "an employer, knowing his rights, who feels that an employee may have violated his contract, may not continue employment and at a later date treat that employe's action as a breach of obligation."
The judge referred to the fact Cole was employed by the studio a month after his appearance before the committee.

2 Sponsors To Try for Spy Control Legislation
Prober's Committee And Administration Will Present Bills To New Congress
By Robert C. Albright
Post Reporter
Two separate moves for peacetime "spy controls" apeared in prospect last night, as the Administration disclosed that recommendations of its own will be presented to the new Congress.
Attorney General Tom Clark suggested tightening of existing espionage laws including a change in the statute of limitations and possibly legalize wire tapping.
Committee to Push Bill
Clark's recommendation probably will be routed to the House Judiciary Committee, which will be large under Administration sway in the new Congress,
Spokesmen for the House Un-American Activities Committee said they will continue to push for a revised Mundt-Nixon anti-Communist bill, with strengthened provisions for screening "disloyal" persons, and specific penalties for passing out secret data.
"If the Judiciary Committee fails to make wartime espionage statutes apply in some degree to the present cold war, we will probably do that, too," said Representative Karl E. Mundt (D., S. Dak), acting chairman of the Un-American Activities group.
Probers Take Holiday
Representatives Francis E. Walter (Pa.), ranking Democrat on the House Judiciary Committee, said he thought it probable his group would favor putting some of the wartime espionage laws on a peacetime footing, with possibly modified penalties.
Clark disclosed the Administration is preparing antispy recom-
-----------------------------------------
'Highly Important'
New Evidence Reported
Representative McDowell (R., Pa.) yesterday reported in New York that he had obtained some "highly important" new information involving "the matter of espionage in Government affairs." Story on page 7.
-----------------------------------------
mendations as the House Un-American Activities Committee took a weekend holiday. Even the running fight between committee and the Justice Department quieted down as the new Federal grand jury weighed the spy-ring charges of former Red runner Whittaker Chambers.
Clark made his statement following a meeting at the White House with President Truman's Cabinet.
Mr. Truman told newsmen Thursday he had asked the Justice Department to look into tightening of the espionage laws, adding that it was a difficult matter to
See CHAMBERS, Page 7, Col. 2.

D.C.'s 'Virus X' Continues Spotty March Over City
The mystery virus which has plagued Washington neighborhoods for the past several months continues to sweep District sections in patchwork pattern, District health officials said yesterday.
Affecting young and old with grippe-like diarrhea, the ailment, popularly referred to as "Virus X," lays its victims low for about 24 hours with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and occasionally a sore throat.
Dr. C. C. Dauer, District epidemiologist, said the malady is more uncomfortable than dangerous. It appears to spread by personal contact, he said, sometimes racing through whole families.

Seven Are Killed As B-25 Explodes
Shreveport, La., Dec. 17 (AP).— Seven persons were killed today when a B-25 bomber from Biggs Air Force Base, El Paso, Tex., exploded near Robeline, about 75 miles southeast of Shreveport.

U.N Bars Israel by Margin of 2 Votes
Israel yesterday failed to get sufficient votes for membership in the United Nations. Five of the 11 nations on the Security Council voted to admit Israel, one opposed, and five others abstained. IT takes seven affirmative votes in the council and two-thirds majority in the assembly. (Details on Page 3.)