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N SOON BREADLESS, YOR TELLS PREMIER ritain Installs Director eral Food Production-- r Hopes Berlin May Belgian Embargo. 1917 by the Press Publishing Co. (The New York World.) N, Feb. 18.--The food ques- topic of the most serious in Petrograd and other cities, according to a de- the Daily News from its dent in the Russian capi- ays: are two subjects of con- in Petrograd. What will hen the Duma meets? What ne about the food question? has made unprecedented upon the Russian railways, when in time of peace, were inadequate. To supply the rich is never allowed to fall [[?]] an insufficient number for supplying the rest of [[?]]. [[?]] crowds of refugees from [[?]] recently from Roumania railroad trains and, instead [[?]] themselves over the congregate in the big cities, complicating still further the distressing problem of food. Half an hour in any big railway station makes it understand the spectacle, at [[?]] strange, of Russia, the country in natural resources [[?]], suffering from a lack of [[?]] wood, two commodities it was accustomed to export [[?]] quantities before the war. [[?]] it is the poorer classes, [[?mostly?]] in the provincial capitals, [[?that are?]] suffering most. The Mayor [[?]] came to Petrograd yesterday [[?and?]] had a long interview with [[?]], Prince Golitzin. He [[?said?]] that prohibition of [[?independent buying?]] by agents of local [[?taverns?]] in Moscow and the [[?placement?]] of orders placed by authorities had resulted in a shortage of wheat and rye [[?]] told the Premier that [[?unless the condition?]] is corrected at once [[?the supply?]] will be exhausted within a [[?week? ?month?]] and that the city will be [[?bad?]]." James Director of [[?General?]] Food Production (By Associated Press.) [[?]], Feb. 18.-Sir Arthur Lee, [[?]] Parliament for the Fare- [[?n]] of Hampshire, has been [[?named?]] Director of General Food [[?Production?]]. Sir Arthur will be [[?reporting to?]] the President of the [[?]] Agriculture for the co-ordi- [[?]] executive control of those [[?members of?]] the board which deal with [[?]] and distribution of seed, [[?]] foodstuffs, labor and work [[?]]. Advertisements ONE U BOAT IN DAY SANK 51,800 TONS BERLIN DECLARES Auxiliary Cruiser of 20,000 Tons, Two of 13,600 Tons Each and a Transport Included. Berlin, Feb. 18 (by wireless). -It is officially announced that one German submarine within twenty-four hours sank one auxiliary cruiser of 20,000 tons gross, two auxiliary cruisers or transport steamer of 4,-600 tons. Thus, one submarine within twenty-four hours destroyed 51,800 tons. Six steamers and one sailing vessel of altogether 25,000 tons were sunk Feb. 13. One steamer carried 1,000 tons of hay, 1,500 tons of wheat and 2,000 tons of oats, and one steamer carried kerosene for England. A submarine has brought in three captains, two engineers and one wireless operator as prisoners. Two of the tank steamers were armed. Details of the sinking by a German submarine of the Italian steamship Bisagno, of 2,252 tons gross, in the Atlantic Ocean Jan. 12, are printed in the Italian newspaper Idea Nazinal, says the Overseas News Agency (the official German press bureau). The Bisagno was stopped, according to the newspaper, by four warning shots. Because of the rough sea the steamer was then ordered to the approach within five miles of the Spanish coast, where the sailors were advised by the submarine commander to throw themselves in the water. The men were then rescued by the U boat and later were transferred to the Dutch steamship Gesterland, which carried them to Faimouth. (The foregoing contains the first announcement to reach this country of the sinking of the Bisagno.) Three British Ships Sunk in a Day, Lloyd's Reports London, Feb. 18.- The sinking of the following British steamers was announced at Lloyd's to-day: Valdes, 2,285 tons; Romsdalen, 5,548 tons. The Valdes was torpedoed and sunk without warning, according to the Captain and members of the crew who have been landed. Two of the crew were killed outright and nine others are missing. The Valdes was built at Stockton in 1914 and hailed from Liverpool. She was 255 feet long, of forty foot beam and twenty-four feet deep. The Worchestershire was on a voyage from Liverpool to Rangoon, India, and sailed from Suez on Jan. 12 (?). She was 452 feet long and was build at Belfast in 1904. She was owned by the Bibby Steamship Company of Liverpool. Fear for American Ship, Fifteen Days Overdue Baltimore, Feb. 18. -The American steamer Borinquen of the Garland Line, which sailed from this port in December and later from Fowey, England, for Boston, is overdue fifteen days, and fear is expressed that she has foundered or been torpedoed. Capt. W.J. Johnson sent a message from Fayal, the Azores, Jan. 19, that Norwegian steamer. having been ordered by a U boat Captain to rescue the survivors of the destroyed ship. Later Capt. Johnson wired that he was leaving the Azores and has not been heard from. The Borinquen is 1,994 tons, and has been carrying general cargoes to allied ports. After being held up twice by allied patrol boats under suspicion of being in a German mine layer, the American steamer Carolinian, Capt. Smith, arrived here to-day. TRADES AUTO FOR POTATOES (Special to the World) Caribou, Me.. Feb. 18. -Potatoes reached the topnotch price of the session yesterday when a deal was closed for 2,000 barrels at $8.40 a barrel for March and April delivery. Last year at this date the price was $2.75 and in 1915 they were moving slowly at 35 cents a barrel. Yesterday an automobile agent traded a new $1,100 care for 150 barrels of potatoes for future delivery. Great Bear Spring Water. 50c. for case of [[the?]] glass stopped bottles - Adrt. BELIEVES IMMEDIATE BREAK IS NOT PLANNED BYT THE U.S. Ready to Listen to Propositions From Washington, but Will Not Abandon Principle of Step Taken With Germany. VIENNA, Feb. 17 (via London, Feb. 18). -Government circles, the press and the public hero place great hopes in the American Congress in the submarine situation. The belief has been expressed by them than an open debate there would lead to an understanding of the position of the Central Powers. With the exception of a few radical Germanists, nobody has shown much bitterness here against the American Government, though what has been termed "the unfairness of Washington" has resulted in much disapointment [[disappointment]]. The public and the Government alike take the stand that President Wilson has denied the Central Powers the right of self-defense in depriving them of the only effective weapon at their disposal. Break Not Near, They Feel. At this moment there are two indications, though possibly they are of little weight, which permit of the conclusion that Washington is not contemplating an immediate break with Austria-Hungary. One is the transfer to the embassy here of Joseph C. Grew, former secretary of the embassy in Berlin, who arrived here to-night from Switzerland to consume to duties of Counsellor of the Embassy, a post which is vacant at present owing to the illness of Ulysses Grant Smith, who is now in the United States. The second indication arises from the fact that Secretary of State Lansing yesterday wired here on behalf of various Hebrew charity organizations [[?]] of $250,000, the amount have [[?]] been donated by American Hebrew societies. At the embassy here the opinion was expressed that the United States Government might not have transferred this sum had a break between Washington and Vienna bee even tentatively decided on. Frederic C. Penfield, the American Ambassador, is doing everything possible to assist in reaching a friendly solution of this situation. At The Foreign Office no conjectures are indulged in regarding what the near future may bring. The fact that the two Governments are unable to communicate their views more freely than the present conditions permit has made the exchange of opinions slow and unsatisfactory. Austria Will Stand Firm. The Austro-Hungarian Government as a rule remains in almost total ignorance of what measures are needed in order to meet the view of President Wilson and his Cabinet. The impression here is that in Washington it is believed the Dual Monarchy will recede from the position taken jointly with Germany regarding submarine warfare. The feeling here, however, is that while the Austro-Hungarian Government might consider small modifications of the new blockade regulation, as Germany has done in the case of Holland, there is not the slightest chance that it will yield in the least so far as the principle involved is concernel [[concerned]]. Meanwhile, it is said, the Government is ever ready to listen to some proposition from Washington, provided it does not affect in any form the submarine warfare as it is directed against the Entente states and the imports from neutral countries to these states. There seems to be no doubt that official circles and the entire public have become thoroughly reconciled [[?]] the step the Dual Monarchy has taken jointly with Germany and that the Austro-Hungarian Government has been ready to accept all responsibility for its attitude during the past two weeks. Much fait is placed in official and other quarters on the presumption that the United States would be unable to put a large army in the field in a short time and that the war in Europe will be over before the military strength of the United States could be developed. TO FIGHT UNDER GENERALS OF ALLIES IS HIS PROJECT. Size of Force Depends on Conditions -If Plan Should Interfere With U.S. Army's, Would Organize in Canada. The World is informed on excellent authority that Col. Theodore Roosevelt is planning to raise an expeditionary force in the event of war with Germany and to sail to Europe with it just as soon as possible. It is his intention to place this force at the disposal of the Entente Generals who have charge of the fighting scheme and to lead it in accordance with their ideas. Those who are acquainted with the Colonel's plans say that he is making them with those who are fighting Germany now, and any idea who the army and navy officials of the United States may have [[?]] for conducting a distinctively American campaign to the contrary notwith-standing. It is declared that Col. Roosevelt feels that the sending of an expeditionary force to Europe would give additional zest to the struggle of the Allies and convince them as nothing else could that America is whole-heartedly devoted to the cause for which they are fighting. Size of Force Uncertain. How large a force he would raise would depend entirely upon the conditions obtaining at the particular time at which the United States entered the war. He is known to have obtained pledges from a sufficient number of trained men at the time the Mexican situation was critical to make the formation of a division possible within a very short time. His present plans are known to cover the possible raising of a corps, or even of an army of 200,000 men. One of the matters which Col. Roosevelt has under consideration according to The World's informant, is to go to Canada and organize his force there in the event that his plans would interfere with those of the General Staff to such an extent as to make the organization of his command here too difficult. It is said that he would not do this except with the tacit consent of the President and the army chiefs, but that he feels that Canada's experience during the last two years in organizing and training expeditionary forces within a short time would be of invaluable assistance to him. Plan Depends on Wilson's Consent. In the first instance of the fulfilment of these pans depends upon the consent of the President and his advisors. Should war come Col. Roosevelt would do nothing to embarrass the Administration, but those who are acquainted with his scheme believe he would not have much difficulty in convincing Washington that he should be permitted to go ahead. What representations, if any, have already been made to the authorities on this point has not been divulged. It would be necessary for Col. Roosevelt to be commissioned by the President to head his expeditionary force, the rank to be given him depending upon the character of the organization which he will form. It is known that upon the announcement of his intention to form a brigade for Mexican service his plans contemplated asking for a commission as Brigadier General. Should this expeditionary force be raised the Colonel will seek the aid of the Navy Department in convoying it to Europe. Should the plans of that department for war with Germany not make it possible to detach a sufficient number of fighting vessels from the squadron which would be patrolling the Atlantic Coast for the trip to Europe it is understood that Great Britain stands ready to do the convoying. She has a fleet already engage in that work and the sea land from Halifax to England has up to date been swept clear of submarines, not a man of the thousands. (Continued on Second Page.) SKILL AND DARING OF BOY FLYERS MAKE HER WONDER. Concludes, Though, That Women Can Do Anything Men Can in Aeronautics Field -Describes Method of Air Fleet Fighting. By Ruth Law, The Famous American Aviatrix Copyright, 1917, by the Press Publishing Co. (The New York World.) (Special Cable Despatch to The World.) PARIS, Feb. 18. -Through my very good fortune in having found a friend in one of the leading French airplane constructors my fondest desire had been realized. I have flown with him in an airplane above Paris, amid scores of other aircraft and beautiful, big dirigibles that looked pink in the glow of the afternoon sunlight. They floated around me and we darted among huge battle cruisers of the air with real cannon mounted on their snub noses. These "gun machines," as they are called in the army, are employed to attack enemy airships -Zeppelins- while whole squadrons of little wasps, such as the machine in which I was a passenger, are used to drive off the enemy wasps that accompany and protect their big, slow moving dirigibles. After an aerial battle, [[?]] the enemy fighting machines are dispersed, the great, cumbersome airship often falls an easy prey to the big French "gun machine." And then the official aviation communique announces, "Another Zeppelin was brought down." Paris Beautiful From Skies. I have flown over many great cities, but Paris is the most beautiful of all when viewed from the air, with the Seine winding like a long, narrow, silver-blue ribbon and her wide, tree-fringed boulevards clearly defined. The most impressive feature of aviation in France is the great number and variety of airplanes at any one flying field. I saw fully a hundred hangars in one field, each hangar capable of housing a score of machines, and all seemed to be full. France is ten years in advance of other countries as a result of the necessities of the war. What a wonderful thing it will be, when peace is restored and all these airplanes, now carrying big guns, will fly on peaceful missions carrying passengers and mail and other useful burdens. I shall never forget the little steamer that carried me across the English Channel during a night of miserable illness. How I longed for my airplane that could make the trip from London to Paris in two hours without discomfort to me. Le Bourget, seven mile northeast of Paris, is one of the centres of aviation in France, an in this huge aircraft city may be seen every type of flying craft that is being used at the front. After presenting a military pass and going through numerous formalities. I was escorted by a young French Captain to inspect all the different models, and he explained their particular usefulness to me. Tiny Engine of Death. One little monoplane was flown for my benefit, it being the newest arrival and the tiniest machine that ever took the air. It looked exactly like a humming bird, but instead of a long bill it had a machine gun which shoots through the propeller. The machine is so pretty it is difficult to realize that is is an engine of destruction, and sure death for the pilot of any enemy machine that it overtakes. Aviators are still quite a curiosity in America, and I stared wonderingly at the groups of fine looking boys, all trained pilots, who stood beside their airplanes awaiting orders to go on. There seemed to be no end to them. To these boys flying is a pleasure, as could be seen easily from the anties through which they put their machines. Looping loops, diving, tailspins from great heights, rolling over and over in the air and steep banking were among the stunts they performed for a small but admiring group of spectators. When I fly in the United States I (Continued on Third Page.) [[1 Image, upper right of page]] (Continued from First Page.) wear a leather suit, knickerbockers and coat and puttees, to protect me from the wind and cold, as my airplane is entirely open. Until yesterday when, the day after I visited Le Bourget, I was invited by my airplane constructor friend to visit his field and take a spin in the air, I had always thought it necessary to wear such a costume when flying. At the thought of flying over Paris, however, I did not stop to think of dress, but, in my street clothes, just jumped in beside the young manufacturer, M. Morane. However, I did discard my straw hat for a leather aviation helmet like the headgear football platers wear. Up at an Alarming Angle. As soon as I was comfortable seated in the small, powerful monoplane, my guide, who makes these speedy little machines, climbed in beside me and gave the word to his mechanicians to start the engines. Before I had time to catch my breath we were climbing at an alarming angle- almost straight up in the air, it seemed, and then up some more. I thought that the motor would stall any moment, but then I remembered it was a French monoplane and steep climbing was an ordinary thing for it. I calmed my fears and looked around. The speed was the greatest at which I had ever flown, and I wondered how the frail little winds held together under the terrific strain. My extra weight as a passenger did not seem to have any effect on the little machine's climbing ability. We darted in and out among fleecy clouds, and once I leaned over the side of the fusilage to look down. Then I realized what speed and tremendous wind pressure meant. I thought my head would be blown off before I could get back behind the protection of the thick glass windshield. All the breath was knocked out of me and I gasped for a few minutes to recover my wind. M.Morane then told me not to lean out for, if I wished to look at the ground, he would dive nearly straight thus affording a view as from a "shoot-the-chutes." Despite the terrific speed, it was quite comfortable when protected behind the windshield, and in the deck of the fusilage it was like being inside a speedy motor boat. I fully expected to have my clothes ruined by flying oil sprayed from the engine, which would be the case in any American- built airplane. But after I landed I did not find a single grease spot, and I was just as when I entered the machine except that at the time I looked over the side the wind blew all the powder off my nose. Pass Dirigible Close On. At an altitude of 3,000 feet we flew close by a big dirigible; it was the first airship, heavier than air, I had ever seen. The airplane constructor who is one of the cleverest and most expert pilots I ever saw, guided our craft so close to the big airship that I could see the ken of the crew in the gondola-like car swung below the huge translucent gas bag. I thought at the time how easy it would be for women to take the place of every man in the sky if necessity required, and man-power was entirely exhausted by the losses of war. The air is truly one place where woman will be able to equal the efficiency of man in time of war. All the girls I see driving street cars and auto buses in Paris and London could, if required, drive big wra planes just as easily. What a fine thing it is for women to know they can, at last, be of equal assistance with me in serving their country. I had by this time become accustomed to the tremendous speed, and as we flew toward the city the spectacle was the most inspiring I ever saw. Along the white, winding roads I could see snakelike caravans of army automobiles going and coming to and from the front carrying supplies. I saw the Eiffel Tower jutting into the sky and the Sacre Coeur Church n the summit of Montmartre, and the huge Arch of Triumph. Her Hat Off to French. On the way back to the flying field M.Morane said he would put the machine through its paces and show me just what he could do with it. First we stood up on one wing, then, with the ease and grace of a bird, we dived an spiralled and then climbed again. Then in beautiful, great circles we came floating down past rows and rows of military hangars, coming to a stop in front of our waiting automobile. The most interesting flight I had ever undertake had come to an end all too soon. My hat is off to the French- their aerodromes, airplanes and aviators are wonderful. British navy against their own country in the War of 1812 were confined. The prison was built in 1806 for the [[holding?]] of French prisoners of war. [[And?]] it has been estimated that there were [[?]] Frenchmen confined there in 1811. It is located near Princetown, in Devon. and is connected by [[?]] with Plymouth. Immense [[grandiose?]] works are locates at Princetown. Jeremiah Lynch, one of the Sinn [[?]], was sentenced to ten years Dartmoor after the Irish Rebellion. [[?]] HIGH UP IN BRITAIN BLAMED FOR BLUNDERS LONDON, Feb. 18.- The report of the Dardanelles inquire, which has [[now?]] been completed, will be made public in a day or two. The Express says: "It is understood the document will contain some surprisingly frank criticisms of soldiers and statesmen. Two eminent outstanding figures, one of them no long- among the living, come under [[severely?]] critical observation by the committee." Russia To Spend $50,000,000 To Promote Shipbuilding PETROGRAD, Feb. 18.- The Russian Minister of Commerce has introduced a bill in the Duma to appropriate $50,000,000 to advance to [[shipbuilders?]] to encourage them to build and equip new yards in order to develop a merchant fleet. BREAK WITH AUSTRIA NEXT, ITS BELIED IN WASHINGTON. Sweden Said to Have Intimated That Germany May Modify U Boat Decree, but America Puts Little Faith in Move. By Louis Seibold. WASHINGTON, Feb. 18.- The President's advisers and the leaders of Congress have what they believe to be very good reasons to expect his personal appearance before a joint meeting of the Senate and House some day this week to ask for provision to meet any contingency that may arise in the submarine issue between America and Germany. It is taken for granted that he will make known to Congress his reasons for requesting the fullest legislative authority, supplemented with adequate financial provision, to enable him to act without hindrance when the time shall have arrived for him to do so. President's Programme. The President's plan as understood by the legislative leaders is as follows: 1. The exercise of the greatest caution before taking any steps that might indicate the readiness of this country to engage in war, because he believes that the psychological effect of such a move would be bad, and for this reason he does not want legislative undertakings to appear in the light of war preparations. 2. To have Congress reaffirm before adjournment the authority already vested in him to use the armed forces of the [[Navy...?]] to protect the rights of Americans. 3. To have Congress authorize a bond issue to raise sufficient funds to carry out the plans of the Government, instead of making it necessary to call in the general fund of the Treasury, as was done in the Mexican crisis eight months ago. 4. To have Congress pass the bill empowering him to use the railways of the country for military purposes ad the measure enabling him to commandeer ships and shipyards and mutation plants. Sure to Use Armed Forces. This plan was outlined by the President yesterday when he wet to the Capitol and conferred with leading Democratic Senators. While it was their impression that he does not anticipate any sudden or acute change in the present state of affairs, he [[?]] little room to doubt that he does [[expect?]] sooner or later to have to make [[use?]] of the armed forces of the country to protect the interests of American citizens and ships from German submarine outrages. All of the measures for which the President has expressed a desire to have passed immediately figure prominently in the plans now being whipped into shape by the Army, Navy, Treasury, Commerce and Agricultural Departments and the Council for National Defense, yet each is apparently independent of the main proposition. The President's advisers believe that he will make a thorough job of the problems involved in the present situation when he appears before Congress. It is expected that the Government is to follow in providing protection for the merchant marine interests of the country but that he will indicate the future relations that are to exist between this country and Austria, a break with which is confidently expected, and, in view of Government officials, fully justified. Congressional leaders express little doubt that the President will get what he asks for with little or no opposition. They are of the opinion that the opposition reflected by the pacifist element in both parties will evaporate as soon as he makes [[his?]] appearance. He is assured of the support Speaker Clark, Vice President [[?]] shall, and the more responsible
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