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did see a number of water buffalos plowing in the valley, prob: Dukoh Nogosari); food for sapi is gathered, not bought

not springs in Karangasem itself

are only 8 wells in the whole Dukoh + used jointly by families; people living on hills come down to bathe + wash clothes + then pick up pikuls of water to take back up the hill for drinking + cooking

my notes: house of Pak Dukoh gedek w/ some wood, red brick floors, 4 beautifully carved old beams w/ double central arch dating from when the house must have been in better condition

very old + battered cane + wood furniture

decorations include dusty sheets w/ photos from kalurahan meets + wayany course Dec 9 - 19, 1974 - also the usual calendars + mag. pictures

KASONGAN
July 31 - interview with Lurah of Bangun - jiwo w/ Marni

4 dukohs with ceramics in Kas. area:
           *Kajin (90 KK who make ceramics)
(200KK)     Tisto 
            Kalipucang
            Gedongan

from ancient times (hundreds of years ago) people work independently unpaid family ("perseorang") because don't like to work for others declaration from Pres. to plant tebu rakyat (T.R.I)

roughly 25% of the land planted in tebu, much of it land rented to Madukismo water from wells, 12-13M sungai [ Bedok?] runs along east boundary of kalurahan 
sendang fish ponds.
can plant rice 2 times a year water for irrig from [[Dam Matlaran??]] to the north (kab. Sleman) 
acc. to Pak Lurah fertility low because hilly + only 1 1/2% flat-- stony soil in hilly areas not so dry like Wonosari, wells never dry + big river never dry, but small streams sometimes dry up
- never floods seriously tho sever may overflow. 100M or so on N. side + then subsides [crossed out text] quickly