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16 addition to being sold for domestic consumption, a lot also sold to beg kecap (sweet shoyu) factories in E. Javal -are in fact 2 levels of intermediaries a. desa level traders (here termed pengumpul/pedagang perantara) b. larger tengkulaks (local term) report indicates that a relatively weak + depend on bfor their operating capital -biggest profits for tengkulaks in Nov- March (end rainy)- -profits depend to a large extent on age of trees (older trees less productive) +. availability of labor to collect the nira -due to shortage of buruhpemanjat dan pemitik nira (climbers + pickers) only about 50% of existing trees can be harvested a year -nonethless need to start a replanting program for the future (three quarters of present trees are mature + takes 6-7 yrs for seedlings to become productive) -also need for conversion to kompors ("komporisasi") to reduce dependence on firewood -program proposed: 1. in order to reduce dependance on tengkulaks + enable producers to better control prices considered necessary to form a BUUD'in Batang-Batang 17 two types of credit will be given out via BUUD: a. kredit uniestari to buy kompors b. kredit modal kenja 5 pttugas kecamatan will be trained to form BUUD kader to manage BUUD, look for markets, etc. 2. replanting program kader BUUD meets monthly with depts of coops + ind + they in term under BUPAPI budget 16,850,000 over 5 years 7. FURNITURE MAKING -altho also a sambilan, but more profitable -2 locations: kec. Parenduan, Kab Sumenep-17 units kec Smapang in town of Sampang(kab. Sampang) - 25 units -use teak + other hard woods which come form small islands near Madura + also from Java -wood in short supply -make furniture (aysboards, table + chairs, beds, etc.) with specifically Madurese designs- -sell on local market, in E. Java + occa-sionally as far as Jakarta -sell thru furniture stores -stores place the order for the type of furniture they want + sometimes the store also sells the wood to the producer or supplies