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108

normal harvests are 5-6 tons a hectare; last 2 years only 3 tons, while cost of inputs such as labor, puperk, etc. higher are 27 Bapak Angkat involved in Batur, incl.

ASTRA (spare parts motorcycles)
BUKAKA - (containers
PJKA (railways
etc.

in last 7 mo's PJKA has given out orders for blok rem
all members of the Batur coop get a share of this order
about 90 people get orders, but have no tungkik; [[underlined]] can either sell order or can rent tungkik of neighbor [[/underlined]]

[[left margin]] *new [[crossed out-illegible]] instance of rented facilities [[arrow pointing to underlined part]]

of the various Bpk Angkat, Astra + PJKA the most active irrig. in the area from Cokro Tulung + Jatinom - no repairs in recent years despite econ. problems, unit desa staff say econ. of area is still growing slowly due to new orders thru Bpk. Angkat program
much competition between Tungkik owners, they say buyers come to village to place orders

109

are also 4 genteng villages w/ about 200 producers in Ceper
unit staff say character of Batur people also a factor in anew; they prefer to turn over profits rather then make loan payments
if unit staff says they won't get another loan, they say tidak apa2 & then go to a private bank
ave. size of loans to producers 2-4 million Rp ($1000-2000) but ave. size to product traders lower, only 700,000 to 1.5 million ($350-750)
smaller because traders can "borrow" goods to sell
staff unit says that "ego besar disini"; if people maju sedik, bu [[white-out marks]] goods & then sell cheap if later need cash
an NV stronghold still, but most want high interest + only few want to save w/ out taking interest
- unit now limits 1st loans to Rp 5 million, but pengecoran want larger 1st loans 
- private banks, urban-based, now operating in the area
includes Solo branch of LIPPO, 3 BPRs, BCA Klaten branch & Bank Tamara Solo branch
- 80% of people in Ceper have land certifi-