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8 60% of Jak's [[Jakarta's]] pop [[population]] or about 3 mil people live in kampongs w/ out [[without]] basic services location of some other major slums in Jak [[Jakarta]]: 1. along Kali Malang 2. along railroad tracks behind Tanjung Priok station 3. Tanah Abang Bongkarang 4. along length of Kali Grogol 5. behind Jatinegara station 6. etc. maj. [[majority]] of people in these slums are migrants (pendatang) -while kampongs w/ [with] resmi status benefit from govn. [[government]] - sponsored kampong - improvement programs, squatter settlements don't -Sadikin also pts. [[points]] out that Jak's [[Jakarta's]] pop [[population]] has grown too fast for govn [[government]] to be able to provide needed services or administr. [[administrative]] structures to help w/ [[with]] their problems, or for formal sector to absorb their labor -Mc Gee's theory of "peasants in the cities" discussed much of work done is in service rather than production sector -high %age [[percentage]] of migrants lack kartu penduduk (identity cards) for Jakarta 9 and so reluctant to use health + educ. [[education]] facilities which are available -often enter jobs because relative or s.o. [[significant other]] from their village doing; initial capital also obtained from these sources -Moir + Sujpto W. quoted as saying 560,000 Jak. [[Jakarta]] residents work as head of inf. [[informal]] sector enterprises -as more labor crowds into inf. [[informal]] sector competition becomes greater and ave. [[average]] earnings per person go down -are also circular migrants documented by Jellinek + Silaban who return periodically to villages + don't consider Jak [[Jakarta]] their home 63.2% of circular migrants are traders of these 41.6 trade cooked food + 21.6 raw food -because inf. [[informal]] sector characterized by small size of enterprise + small capitaliz. [[capitalization]] often perceived as unsuited for econ. [[economic]] dev. [[development]] and maintenance of the city becak drivers criticized for blocking car traffic, street vendors for dirtying the city, etc city authorities commonly speak of a future time when these inf. [[informal]] sector activities