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difference mainly due to the fact that wife didn't help in the perapen before her child was born; instead she did embroidery work before the charcoal workers only paid 2000 Rp a day each his equipment includes: a. 1 ubub putar tangan (see above) b. 1 paron (anvil), inherited c. 4 hammers, bought in 1985, 3 kg. in weight each d. tongs (jepit/catot), worth 60,000 Rp e. files f. petel g. grinda grinda has increased his productivity in setting up his enterprise, needed 123,000 worth of investment capital and 5000 worth of working capital used own funds sells his tools on a cash basis and does not give credit; pays cash for iron, but if he got credit (ngbon) no difference in price; so no hidden interest Bernandus calculates his capital turnover period as 30 days, and says turns over this capital 10 x a year main products made are sabit and penampan gross income of the enterprise per year is 4,176,000 now and 2,100,000 Rp before total expenditures of the enterprise listed as 1,213,000 Rp how and 436,300 Rp before, but Bernandus seems to have forgotten to list areng and bamboo for making areng on the raw material table; also forgot expenditures for files, saws, grindstones, etc. thus his net profit figures of 2,963,000 Rp a year now ($1653 at rate 1792) and 1,663,700 Rp a year before ($928) seem to be too high family also gets 5 kwintals of rice worth 100,000 Rp a year from some kind of agricultural activity, perhaps harvesting, since Bernandus says they own no land formerly did not get this rice income standard of living -- family owns the following types of consumer goods: - 1 bicycle bought for 25,000 Rp - 1 radio bought for 12,000 Rp - 1 tape recorder bought for 75,000 Rp - 1 cupboard bought for 65,000 Rp - 2 sofas (dipan) no motorized vehicles or other furniture have had electricity since 1987; paid installation fee of 25,000 Rp get water from a neighbor house is 5 x 4 meters in size 3. [[underlined]] from interview with I Nyoman Kandel, furniture maker [[/underlined]] two of I Nyoman Kandel's children work in a silver workshop one is an 18-year old boy named Wayan Gede Negara who is in the second year of high school; he works in a silvershop in Celuk 3