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and this we insist is all that was contemplated by Congress in the act that gives to the Bureau the control of all subjects relating to Refugees and the Bureau has constantly acted upon this construction. But supposed Congress intended to confer the same jurisdiction as in cases of freedmen, and the Bureau by an over sight has adopted no rules or regulations to give that part of the act effect will such rules be improvised for this and like case as the necessity may arise by those who were appointed to administer the laws and not to make them; most certainly not.

We insist that the distinctions between this Bureau and all other courts is that the freedman must be a party and may be a witness. Thus if we are right Mr. Geirs cannot because he has been a refugee have his controversy with Mr Gouch settled in this tribunal, but must go to the courts of the land where he can be heard by judges of his own choosing and under laws of his own making, and this case must be determined solely upon that branch of this controversy between the freedmen and Mr. Gouch.