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Determination to Win has Kept China in War for Five Years.
That sheer determination to win over its enemy has enabled China with only barest of equipment and supplies, inadequate hospitals, doctors, and nurses, and transportation and communication facilities, to fight Japan for five years and will enable her to fight until China has won, was stressed deeply in a talk given last evening before the Junior League of the Amityville Woman's Club by Miss Lee Ya-Ching, first Chinese woman to receive an airplane pilot's license. Miss Lee, who is now making a tour of the country for United China Relief, Inc, has been flying for nine years. She studied at Boeing School of Aeronautics where she was the first woman student. She started flying in Switzerland, where her parents had sent her to school, when she realized that air travel would be an aid to binding together different sections of vast China, separated by lack of communications and transportation. Miss Lee told her audience that women of China look to women in America as an ideal, a "shining example." "You women of America have even generous, sympathetic and kind," said Miss Lee. "By your help we have been able to accomplish much." Chinese women are now in every walk of life, Miss Lee said, having become more and more active under the leadership of Madame Chiang Kai-shak. They are in banks, education centers, doctors, nurses, on the police force and on the battlefronts and doing other work of men. Madame Chow, now over sixty years of age, is head of a band of 300,000 guerrilla fighters who in spare time from their regular work, disrupt communications of the enemy, "shoot off Japs" and in general heckle enemy positions to make Japan's job that much more difficult. Guerrilla fighters have moved whole railroads inland. In five years of war China has lost one-third of its territory, including all its costal cities and has been cut off from the outside world ecept on the Russian border, Miss Lee said. China can be reached by air through India. Fifty million refugees have been uprooted from their homes and have moved inland 2,000 miles on foot, she said. They have burned behind them their homes, schools and all they have loved so that the enemy could not profit.

America's Help
American money sent by United China Relief Inc., has given aid to the refugees, Miss Lee said, but in addition is helping to rebuild a new China "from the ashes of the old." The money has helped the establishment of a "cooperative industrial movement" enabling a refugee to start again in business, and distribute the products among the local people and soldiers, and to relieve the suffering of two million homeless orphans
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Determination To Wiin Has Kept China in the Fight For Five Years
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Twenty percent of the children are cared for in orphanages of Madame Chiang Kai-Shak but the remainder are scattered and homeless. "And the worst part is that the Japs have shipped hundreds of these children to Japan and are making slaves of them," Miss Lee said.
American help has aided in the establishment of medical bureaus, Miss Lee said. At the beginning of the war China had 6,000 doctors. All hospitals were bombed. Lack of first aid caused the death of countless wounded. There were no antiseptics, little medicine, instruments, few ambulances. Disease, epidemics, starvation took a large toll.

Education Continues
Almost all of the 108 colleges in the cities have been bombed, Miss Lee said, but students carrying their books on their backs, moved 2,000 miles inland. They built roads, schools, laboratories. Sometimes their daily food is a mere bowl of rice or soup. "We need these students for leaders," said Miss Lee. "It is important they continue. Heretofore only privileged ones had education. The government insists that these students continue."
American aid is helping in the mass education programme, Miss Lee said. A simplifies language of 1,000 characters has been established and has been taught by students to 90 million persons, so that now one out of every eight can read and write. The students teach classes of 100 to 300 persons and when finished with the course move on to another group.
"We are much better prepared now than we were five years ago," said Miss Lee. "We have more highways, more railroads, radio communications and airways. They were built by sheer determination and mostly with crude instruments and many times bare hands."
Miss Lee paid tribute to the soldiers of China "who have taken such a beating and have demanded so little." "They never complain. I have seen them in the wards after they have had amputations without anesthesia. They didn't make a sound. They wanted to be of no trouble to us. Their uniforms are inadequate. They wear grass sandals on their feet. Their daily food is often a handful of baked rice. Their one desire is to do everything they can to win the war."