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problems which frequently arise during an interview; an explanation of how to arrange interviews; and instructions for reporting the interview data in the booklets specially prepared for this purpose. The "Manual for Interviewers" is presented as Appendix 3.

The form to be used for reporting the information obtained in the pilot interviews was called the "Pilot Interview Summary Form." This is presented as Appendix 4. These forms served the function of having the interview information reported by all the interviewers in a standardized way. Information given in response to each question of the interview was thus reported on a page designated for that information. This greatly facilitated the processing of this information.

Each interviewer was asked to keep a record of every contact established with pilots, indicating whether or not the pilot was interviewed and, if not, the reason. A form was prepared for these records and is presented as Appendix 5. These records provided an indication of the number of pilots contacted but not interviewed, thus revealing something concerning the representativeness of the sample of pilots actually interviewed.

In order to accomplish the objectives of the interview, it was decided to use a relatively informal, semi-structured and non-directive interview. Some structure was provided by the standardized questions which defined the areas in which discussion was to take place. Nevertheless, interviewers were instructed to use any techniques which would encourage interviewees to feel free to express any attitudes, opinions, or feelings. An effort was made to foster in the interviewers certain basic attitudes which have been found to be desirable in this type of interviewing by such statements in the manual as:

1. The interviewer should consider the interviewee as an individual rather than as a statistic or as just another source of data. Because the interviewee is an individual, he will have feelings, he will want to feel important, he will cherish his own ideas and beliefs, he will defend those ideas if he feels they are not accepted, he will be cautious and at times even suspicious.

2. The interviewer should assume the role of a neutral person, He has nothing to defend, no preconcieved ideas as to what is correct or incorrect. He is not a judge.

3. The interviewer should take the attitude that he is not the expert -- the expert is the interviewee, It is the interviewee who knows his field and the interviewer must rely on the expertness of the interviewee in order to obtain data for this study. It is a mistake for an interviewer to attempt to show how much about flying he knows. "A little knowledge is a dangerous thing" is even more applicable in an interview with someone with years of accumulated knowledge.

4. The interviewer should be willing to let the interviewee take the responsibility for carrying on the interview. His attitude should be one that says, "You know more what to tell me than I do." The interviewer only decides the area by asking his questions, then