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TABLE 22
FREQUENCY OF VARIOUS FACTORS MENTIONED BY AIRLINE PILOTS AS CAUSES OF UNSAFE AIRLINE FLYING

Causes of Unsafe Airline Flying              Frequency
A. Communications and Navigation Equipment         180
1. Approach Systems                                 67
a. Lack of I.L.S.                                   33
b. Inadequate G.C.A                                 27 
c. Lack of new radar equipment                       6
d. I.L.S. not reliable                               1

2. Communication Equipment                           50
a. Radio static                                      26
b. Poor Communications in General                     9
c. Radio failures                                     9
d. Inefficient radios                                 6

3. Radio Ranges                                    49
a. V.H.F. ranges needed                            26
b. Radio ranges not lined up with runways           7
c. Adcock ranges should replace loop type           5
d. Inadequate range stations                        3
e. Radio ranges too close to airport                2
f. More than one range station on one frequency     1  
g. Radio range not suitable for faster planes       1
h. V.H.F. changes without notice                    1
i. More fan markers needed                          1
j. Radio ranges too far from station                1 
k. Poor radio range maintenance                     1
 
4. Others                                          14
a. Inadequate navigational aids, in general         4
b. Radio facilities poor, in general                4
c. Lack of radio altimeters                         3
d. Improper placement of navigational aids          1
e. Lack of airborne radar                           1
f. Lack of gyro or flux-gate compasses              1

B. Airports                                       172
1. Inadequacies of Airport Lighting                80
a. Inadequate lighting                             38
b. High intensity approach lights needed           21
c. High visibility contact lights needed along runway  20
d. Insufficient lights indicating pattern               1

2. Runways                                         37
a. Shorts Runways                                  24
b. Runways not free of rice, snow or water          8
c. Rough runways                                    3
d. Runways not in enough directions                 2

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